Research Note: Molecular surveillance of Avian Paramyxovirus type-1 in nonvaccinated village chickens in Central Rift Valley of Oromia, Ethiopia

Abstract

Newcastle disease ( ND ) is a major infectious disease of poultry caused by a virulent strain of Avian Paramyxovirus type-1 ( APMV-1 ). It is a major threat to the poultry industry in many countries of the world including Ethiopia. The aim of this study was to conduct molecular surveillance of ND Virus and identify potential risk factors for nonvaccinated village chicken in Central Rift Valley of Oromia, Ethiopia. A total of 84 pooled swab samples, each made from pools of 5 swabs for analysis, from cloacal and tracheal sites of chickens in the Central Rift Valley were collected, and RNA was extracted to carry out real-time quantitative polymerase chain reaction. Out of the 84 pooled swab samples tested for M-gene, 13 (15.48%) samples were found positive for APMV-1. The prevalence of ND in males was found to be 16.10% and that in females was 14.67%. Although the overall ND prevalence was 15.48% (13/84), the highest prevalence was recorded in Adama, 42.86% (6/14), and no positive case was observed in Bote and Bishoftu ( P < 0.05), while intermediate prevalence was obtained from Batu, Arsi-negele, and Shashemene ( P > 0.05). In general, the present study provides important information on the epidemiology of ND based on M-gene assay in Central Rift Valley of Oromia, Ethiopia, and highlights the importance of implementing molecular surveillances practice in live poultry markets and village chickens.

Molecular Detection and Characterization of Newcastle Disease Virus from Chickens in Mid-Rift Valley and Central Part of Ethiopia

“…The detection rate of NDV strain from pooled swab samples was 7.69%, which is different from the previous reports by Milkesa et al 17 and Gelana 16 with 15.47% and 16.7%, respectively, in the Mid-Rift Valley area. There was a statistically significant difference between the different swab types (tracheal swab and cloacal swab samples) in the occurrence of NDV strain (p<0.05) where higher detection rate was recorded from tracheal swabs.…”

“…Our study also revealed a 10.75% and 22.2% detection rate of NDV strain in Mid-Rift Valley and central part of Ethiopia, respectively. The result of the current study in Rift Valley is comparable with previous reports of 12.7% and 11.6% by Gelana 16 and Terefe et al, 8 respectively; however, it is relatively lower (15.47%) than the report of Milkesa et al 17 The result of the study in the central part of Ethiopia did not agree with the findings of Miressa et al, 18 26.7% in Adama and Bishoftu; and Gelana, 16 40%, in Bishoftu. This difference might be due to the difference in the study population.…”

“…The current study showed an overall molecular detection rate of 13.26% for NDV strain with a statistically significant (P<0.05) difference among the study districts in chickens from selected areas in mid-Rift Valley and central part of Ethiopia. Our study also revealed a 10.75% and 22.2% detection rate of NDV strain in Mid-Rift Valley and central part of Ethiopia, 16 and Terefe et al, 8 respectively; however, it is relatively lower (15.47%) than the report of Milkesa et al 17 The result of the study in the central part of Ethiopia did not agree with the findings of Miressa et al, 18 26.7% in Adama and Bishoftu; and Gelana, 16 40%, in Bishoftu. This difference might be due to the difference in the study population.…”

Rapid Oxford Nanopore Technologies MinION Sequencing Workflow for Campylobacter jejuni Identification in Broilers on Site—A Proof-of-Concept Study

“…In recent years, researchers have been implementing molecular techniques to develop new tools to assist scientists in epidemiological and ecological studies to control the common foodborne bacteria linked to poultry products associated with human gastroenteritis [ 10 , 11 , 12 , 13 , 14 , 15 , 16 , 17 , 18 , 19 , 20 , 21 , 22 , 23 , 24 , 25 ]. To this end, impressive progress has been made in next-generation sequencing (NGS), which has allowed for a more comprehensive characterisation of microbiota ecology in poultry [ 16 , 26 , 27 , 28 , 29 ].…”