Research Note: Invasion of Salmonella typhimurium into the Cecal Wall of Gnotobiotic Chickens with Eimeria tenella

To test the interaction of various species of bacteria with Salmonella typhimurium, levels of S. typhimurium were measured in the cecum of gnotobiotic chickens inoculated with various test bacteria and subsequently with S. typhimurium. The population of S. typhimurium was suppressed in the cecum of chickens previously inoculated with Escherichia coli. Populations of Bacteroides vulgatus, Clostridium perfringens, Bifidobacterium thermophilum, or Lactobacillus acidophilus were transiently, though not significantly, suppressed by S. typhimurium. Inoculation of chickens with C. perfringens caused a terminal increase in the population of S. typhimurium. Thus the effect of cecal contents on reducing the levels of S. typhimurium in the cecum may be due to the presence of E. coli in the cecal contents.

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“…The method of preparation of S. typhimurium. Strain L-55, was reported by Fukata et al (1987a). Bacteroides vulgatus.…”

Section: Methodsmentioning

confidence: 96%

Research Note: Population of Salmonella typhimurium in the Cecum of Gnotobiotic Chickens

1989

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“…During coccidiosis, secondary bacterial infection belonging to the order Enterobacteriaceae in the damaged gut epithelium is known to aggravate the condition (Macdonald et al, 2017). Inflammation caused by Eimeria infection enhance the growth of Salmonella typhynurium in intestine causing dysentery and enhancement of virulence of the disease (Fukata et al, 1987;Morishima et al, 1984). The lectin component of snail extract recognized the carbohydrate moieties in macromolecules of bacterial cell wall and thereby caused lysis (Benhamou, 1989).…”

Section: Impact On Parasitological Parametersmentioning

confidence: 99%

Spermatheca Gland Extracts of the Marine Snail Telescopium telescopium: A Promising Biological Agent against Caecal Coccidiosis in Broiler Chicken

Maiti¹,

Brahma²,

Pandit³

et al. 2022

Int.J.Curr.Microbiol.App.Sci

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Extract of Telescopium telescopium, a marine snail has shown antiprotozoal, antimicrobial and immunomodulatory activity. Therefore, the anticoccidial efficacy of spermatheca gland (STG) extract of T. telescopium was evaluated in broiler chicken infected with Eimeria tenella. Broiler chicken (n = 80) divided into five equal groups; healthy (Gr. I), infected control (Gr. II), STG extract treated (Gr. III), Salinomycin treated (Gr. IV) and STG extract control group (Gr. V). The STG extract @ 3mg protein / kg of the body weight and Salinomycin @ 50gm /100Kg of feed were used in respective groups. Birds of the Gr. II, Gr. III and Gr. IV were infected with 21 x 103 sporulated oocysts by crop intubation on 32nd day of age. The STG extract showed significant (p<0.01) anticoccidial efficacy in terms of reduced faecal oocysts output, increased faecal and lesion score protection%, higher haematological values and serum protein concentrations and greater performance compared to the infected birds. No significant difference was observed between the birds treated with STG extract and Salinomycin. The study indicated that the STG extract, bioactive component of T. telescopium have promising potential for development as biological agent against caecal coccidiosis in broiler chicken.

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Principles of ex ovo competitive exclusion and in ovo administration of Lactobacillus reuteri

et al. 1997

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The data that have been presented indicate that the in ovo use of competitive exclusion (CE) agents is feasible for both chickens and turkeys. However, there are many pitfalls that await the use of in ovo application of CE agents, including the use of nonspecies-specific intestinal microbes and the use of harmful proteolytic, gas-producing and toxin-producing intestinal microbes. Of the potential CE agents that have posthatch application, only Lactobacillus reuteri has been shown to be safe and effective in terms of not affecting hatchability and in having a prolonged effect in the hatched chick or poult. Lactobacillus reuteri administration in ovo increases its rate of intestinal colonization and decreases the colonization of Salmonella and Escherichia coli in both chicks and poults. Additionally, mortality due to in-hatcher exposure to E. coli or Salmonella is reduced with in ovo L. reuteri. Use of antibiotics in ovo may preclude the use of co-administered CE agents, but Gentamicin and L. reuteri are a compatible mixture when administered in ovo in separate compartments. Nevertheless, the intestinal morphology can be affected by both the CE agent and by antibiotics. Lactobacillus reuteri both in ovo and ex ovo will increase villus height and crypt depth, and Gentamicin in ovo causes a shortening and blunting of the villus. Both Gentamicin and L. reuteri in ovo suppress potentially pathogenic enteric microbes, but with diminished antibiotic effects shortening and blunting of the intestinal villi does not correct itself. Goblet cell numbers increase significantly on the ileum villus of chicks treated with Gentamicin in ovo, and this is presumably due to the increase in potentially pathogenic bacteria in the intestinal tract. Diminishing antibiotic effects posthatch would then negatively affect the absorption of nutrients and reduce growth at least in a transitory manner. Thus, L reuteri administration in ovo singly or in combination with Gentamicin followed by L reuteri via drinking water or feed appears to have potential to control many enteric pathogens in poultry. Additional work in the use of in ovo CE cultures is mandated because there is a world-wide movement to reduce antibiotic use in poultry due to increased microbial resistance to antibiotics. Use of naturally occurring intestinal bacterial cultures, either in mixed culture or as single well-defined cultures, has potential for immediate use in the poultry industry.

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Research Note: Invasion of Salmonella typhimurium into the Cecal Wall of Gnotobiotic Chickens with Eimeria tenella

Cited by 6 publications

References 6 publications

Research Note: Population of Salmonella typhimurium in the Cecum of Gnotobiotic Chickens

Research Note: Population of Salmonella typhimurium in the Cecum of Gnotobiotic Chickens

Spermatheca Gland Extracts of the Marine Snail Telescopium telescopium: A Promising Biological Agent against Caecal Coccidiosis in Broiler Chicken

Principles of ex ovo competitive exclusion and in ovo administration of Lactobacillus reuteri

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