Research Note: Effect of Narasin and Roxarsone Combinations on Eimeria tenella Infections in Floor Pen-Raised Broilers

Bafundo, Kenneth W.; Schlegel, B. F.; Tonkinson, Lealon V.; Donovan, David J.

doi:10.3382/ps.0681011

Cited by 10 publications

(5 citation statements)

References 8 publications

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“…Layers under cage feeding that block the life cycle of the coccidia reduced the positive response of roxarsone. Such a reduction occurred since roxarsone is an e †ective drug for the coccidiosis disease (Izquierdo et al 1987 ;Bafundo et al 1989). The arsenic in the diet did not signiÐcantly inÑuence the feed intake, egg production and egg weight upon the 22 mg kg~1 of inclusion.…”

Section: Resultsmentioning

confidence: 97%

Effects of Roxarsone on Performance, Toxicity, Tissue Accumulation and Residue of Eggs and Excreta in Laying Hens

Chiou

Chen

1997

J. Sci. Food Agric.

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In this study, we examined the effects of a high dosage of roxarsone in the diet on the performance, liver function, and its residue in liver, eggs and excreta of laying hens. Seventy‐five 32‐week‐old layers were selected and randomly allocated into five dietary treatments with three replications for each treatment. Feeding periods were 4 weeks with an additional week for withdrawal. The experimental diets included 0, 11, 22, 44 or 88 mg kg‐1 arsenic from roxarsone, respectively. Dietary arsenic above 44 mg kg‐1 significantly decreased the egg production and feed intake of the layer (P < 0·05). Layers ceased to produce eggs after two weeks of feeding the 88 mg kg‐1 arsenic supplement diet. Where the enzyme activities in the serum, aspartate aminotransferase (AST), lactate dehydrogenase (LDH), creatine kinase (CK) significantly increased. Also, the liver weight did not only significantly decrease (P < 0·05), but was also damaged on histological examination. Moreover, arsenic residues in the liver, eggs and the excreta significantly increased as dietary arsenic level was increased (P < 0·05). The serum enzyme activities of AST, LDH, CK returns to normal after a week of the drug withdrawal. Arsenic residues in liver, egg and excreta also significantly declined in the withdrawal period (P < 0·05). Furthermore, the hepatic cells were vacuolised from layers treated with 88 mg kg‐1 of arsenic. © 1997 SCI.

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Section: Resultsmentioning

confidence: 97%

Effects of Roxarsone on Performance, Toxicity, Tissue Accumulation and Residue of Eggs and Excreta in Laying Hens

Chiou

Chen

1997

J. Sci. Food Agric.

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“…In regions or production systems where ionophores like Narasin are banned, or in houses where these antimicrobials are observed to be less effective, B. subtilis DSM 32315 may offer at least a partial replacement for the control of NE. Combining other products with Narasin for the control of NE has also previously been investigated, often with additive effects compared to dietary treatment of Narasin alone (Bafundo et al, 1989; Brennan et al, 2003). Therefore, a future research avenue may involve investigating additive effects of B. subtilis DSM 32315 with various anticoccidials like Narasin for improved protection from NE in shuttling programs in order to reduce Eimeria spp.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

The impact of Bacillus subtilis DSM 32315 on the pathology, performance, and intestinal microbiome of broiler chickens in a necrotic enteritis challenge

et al. 2019

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It was hypothesized that dietary inclusion of Bacillus subtilis DSM 32315 could inhibit Clostridium perfringens induced necrotic enteritis (NE), thereby improving broiler performance. Male, d 0 chicks were randomly assigned 14 birds/pen, 11 pens/treatment in 3 treatments: a basal diet (control), a coccidiostat fed control (Narasin), and a direct fed microbial (DFM) B. subtilis DSM 32315 treatment. Necrotic enteritis was induced in all birds by oral inoculation of Eimeria maxima oocysts on d 12 and a virulent C. perfringens on d 16. Mortality was reduced ( P < 0.001) in DFM and Narasin compared to control. DFM reduced ( P < 0.001) feed conversion ratio (FCR) compared to control. Furthermore, DFM and Narasin reduced ( P < 0.001) footpad lesions. The DFM was shown to increase ( P < 0.05) Bacillus spp. and decrease ( P < 0.05) C. perfringens in the ileum and cecum at several time points. To investigate microbiome changes in the cecum, digesta samples were analyzed with % guanine and cytosine (%G+C) microbial profiling which fractionates bacterial chromosomes based on the %G+C in DNA. The method revealed treatment profile peaks in low (27.0 to 34.5%), mid (40.5 to 54.0%), and high (59.0 to 68.0%) G+C fractions. 16S rRNA gene amplification and high throughput sequencing was conducted on each of these fractions in order to elucidate specific bacterial population differences. In the low and mid %G+C fractions, DFM had greater abundance of Lactobacillaceae family members ( P = 0.03 and P = 0.01, respectively) and Lactobacillus salivarius ( P = 0.04 and P = 0.01, respectively) than control or Narasin. Lactobacillus johnsonii was also greater in the low %G+C fraction compared to control and Narasin ( P = 0.01). Lachnospiraceae ( P = 0.04) and Ruminococcaceae ( P < 0.01) in the mid %G+C fraction were reduced in the DFM compared to control. Positive alterations to the microbial populations in the gut of broilers may at least be a partial mechanism by which B. subtilis DSM 32315 reduced pathology and improved performance of broilers in the NE challenge.

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“…Laying ducks are generally raised on the floor with poor sanitation and potential coccidiosis. The effect of roxarsone on growth promotion is mainly due to the coccidiostat effect (Izquierdo et al, 1987;Bafundo et al, 1989;McDougald et al, 1992). Since the ducks were kept in cages in this trial and laying, ducks are more resistant to coccidiosis infection than chicken, roxarsone is less likely to be effective as a growth promoter in laying ducks.…”

Section: Methodsmentioning

confidence: 98%

Effect of roxarsone inclusion in the diet on the performance and hepatic lipid metabolism of laying Tsaiya duck

Chen

Chiou

2000

British Poultry Science

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1. The aim of this study was to examine the effects of roxarsone (3-nitro-4-hydroxyphenylarsonic acid) inclusion in the diet on the performance, liver function and lipid metabolism in the liver of laying Brown Tsaiya ducks. 2. Sixty 36-week-old laying ducks were selected and allocated at random into 4 dietary treatments with 3 replications for each treatment. Feeding was for 7 weeks with 3 weeks of experimental diets followed by a 4 week withdrawal period. The experimental diets were supplemented with 0, 50, 100 and 300 mg/kg roxarsone, respectively 3. Dietary inclusion of 50 or 100 mg/kg roxarsone did not significantly promote performance. Inclusion of 300 mg/kg significantly depressed (P<0.05) performance, liver weight and content, serum triacylglycerol (TG), serum nonesterified fatty acid (NEFA) and increased (P<0.05) cholesterol, creatine kinase (CK) and aspartate aminotransferase (AST) in the serum at the end of 3 weeks on the experimental diet. 4. Laying characteristics returned to normal 4 weeks after withdrawal of roxarsone. The liver weight, fat and TG in the liver and serum concentrations of TG, NEFA, high density lipoprotein (HDL) and AST increased significantly (P<0.05), while the level of very low density lipoprotein (VLDL) decreased (P<0.05) at the end of the withdrawal period. More prominent vacuolised hepatic fatty cells were observed in laying ducks treated with 300 mg/kg of roxarsone.

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Research Note: Effect of Narasin and Roxarsone Combinations on Eimeria tenella Infections in Floor Pen-Raised Broilers

Cited by 10 publications

References 8 publications

Effects of Roxarsone on Performance, Toxicity, Tissue Accumulation and Residue of Eggs and Excreta in Laying Hens

Effects of Roxarsone on Performance, Toxicity, Tissue Accumulation and Residue of Eggs and Excreta in Laying Hens

The impact of Bacillus subtilis DSM 32315 on the pathology, performance, and intestinal microbiome of broiler chickens in a necrotic enteritis challenge

Effect of roxarsone inclusion in the diet on the performance and hepatic lipid metabolism of laying Tsaiya duck

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