Research management: Five years on from Fukushima

Sugiyama, Masahiro; Sakata, Ichiro; Shiroyama, Hideaki; Yoshikawa, Hisashi; Taniguchi, Taketoshi

doi:10.1038/531029a

Cited by 11 publications

(5 citation statements)

References 7 publications

(5 reference statements)

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“…It should be noted that the absorption peaks of other alkali cations are observed at different frequencies because the vibration mode frequency depends on the type of alkali cation. Diffusion of radioactive Cs to the environment has been a serious issue, and its decontamination is an important mission after the accidents at nuclear power plants, e.g., the 2011 Fukushima accident 51 , 52 . From this viewpoint, the combined system of THz-TDS with a cyanide-bridged metal framework demonstrated in this work will provide an effective detection method for non-contact sensing of Cs ions.…”

Section: Resultsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Cesium ion detection by terahertz light

Ohkoshi

Yoshikiyo

Namai

et al. 2017

Sci Rep

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Recent developments in terahertz technologies provide new tools for analysis, inspection, and nondestructive sensing. If a heavy atom is encapsulated in a cage of a porous material, the atom should vibrate slowly and resonate with a low-frequency terahertz light. From this perspective, a cyanide-bridged metal framework is a suitable system because it contains many cages that can adsorb Cs ions. Herein we show the vibration mode of a Cs ion in a cage of a cyanide-bridged metal framework. First-principles phonon mode calculations and terahertz time-domain spectroscopy (THz-TDS) measurements indicate that the vibration mode of a Cs ion in a cyanide-bridged manganese-iron framework is at 1.5 THz, which is significantly apart from other lattice vibrations. Taking advantage of this feature, we develop a THz-light detection method for Cs ions, which is useful for non-contact sensing of Cs ions in dangerous environments or harmful circumstances.

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Section: Resultsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Cesium ion detection by terahertz light

Ohkoshi

Yoshikiyo

Namai

et al. 2017

Sci Rep

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“…had dramatically dropped from 78% of the sample (the Japanese public) in November 2009 to 45% in December 2011. Thereafter, measures to rebuild public trust in experts and government gathered great attention in academic circles (Ando, 2018;Arimoto & Sato, 2012;Sugiyama, Sakata, Shiroyama, Yoshikawa, & Taniguchi, 2016).…”

Section: Prior Research On Trustmentioning

confidence: 99%

Determinants of support for the “Recycling Demonstration Project for the Soil Generated from Decontamination Activities” in postdisaster Fukushima, Japan

Mukai

Nozawa

Ohta

et al. 2020

Asian J of Social Psycho

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Since 2018, the Japanese Ministry of the Environment (MoE) has worked on the "Recycling Demonstration Project for the Soil Generated from Decontamination Activities" (the Project), which aims to offer empirical evidence for the final disposal of radiation-contaminated substances. To offer practical suggestions for the Project, this study aimed to explore determinants of its support. More specifically, building on previous studies on trust, this study proposed a hypothetical model in which support for the Project was determined by trust in the MoE, which in turn was determined by salient value similarity, ability, and motivation. Additionally, it was hypothesised that the relationships between trust and its different determinants differed: Salient value similarity showed a stronger relationship with trust in those who lived near the place where the Project is taking place whereas ability and motivation showed stronger relationships with trust in those who did not. Questionnaire-based research was conducted in both Iitate village (n = 106), Fukushima, where the Project had been taking place, and Tokyo (n = 163), located approximately 220 km from Fukushima. Multilevel structural equation modelling supported the hypothesis. These results suggest that emphasising the similarity of values between the MoE and the public would help obtain the public's support for the Project.

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“…Nuclear safety research started with the Fermi reactor, where multiple redundant safety systems played important roles in keeping the whole operation under control. However, in the unexpected second nuclear era, the concept of nuclear safety has gone far beyond technology, as nuclear safety has been recognized as a prevalent social issue more than a technical issue (22). According to the fundamental safety principles in the safety standards of the IAEA (23), nuclear safety entails "the protection of people and the environment against radiation risks, and the safety of facilities and activities that give rise to radiation risks."…”

Section: The Nature Of Nuclear Safetymentioning

confidence: 99%

Nuclear safety in the unexpected second nuclear era

Chen

Wang

et al. 2019

Proc. Natl. Acad. Sci. U.S.A.

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Nuclear energy development has entered an unexpected second nuclear era, which is mainly driven by developing countries. Despite major efforts to pursue a safe nuclear energy system in the first nuclear era, severe nuclear accidents occurred. A basic problem is that we do not have an adequate understanding of nuclear safety. From the viewpoints of risk and the close coupling of technical and social factors, this paper reexamines the nature of nuclear safety and reviews how previous experts understood it. We also highlight the new challenges that we are likely to confront in the unexpected second nuclear era and clarify some of the refinements that need to be made to the concept of nuclear safety from a sociotechnical perspective. These include the following: 1) Risk decisions should be made based on integrating social and technical elements (i.e., “social rationality”); 2) risk needs to be controlled based on the “Wuli–Shili–Renli” framework; 3) systems thinking should be substituted for reductionism in risk assessment, and social mechanisms need to be combined to address uncertainties; and 4) public-centered risk communication should be established. This contribution can provide a theoretical foundation for improving our understanding of the nature of nuclear safety and for transforming the concept of nuclear safety in the unexpected second nuclear era.

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Research management: Five years on from Fukushima

Cited by 11 publications

References 7 publications

Cesium ion detection by terahertz light

Cesium ion detection by terahertz light

Determinants of support for the “Recycling Demonstration Project for the Soil Generated from Decontamination Activities” in postdisaster Fukushima, Japan

Nuclear safety in the unexpected second nuclear era

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