Research and Modeling of Mechanical Crosstalk in Linear Arrays of Ultrasonic Transducers

Celmer, Mateusz; Opieliński, Krzysztof J.

doi:10.1515/aoa-2016-0058

Cited by 11 publications

(4 citation statements)

References 17 publications

(29 reference statements)

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“…Since our measurement setup and transducer configuration do not allow us to measure the crosstalk directly, we analyzed the possible effects of both electrical and acoustical crosstalk on the directivity pattern via simulations. For this, we used the ultrasound simulator FOCUS, as explained previously (see Table 1), to simulate the directivity pattern of the transducer elements excited with different amplitudes and time delays to mimic the crosstalk [54,55]. In all simulations, we used an array of 31 elements with the active element being the central one.…”

Section: Appendix B Crosstalk Analysismentioning

confidence: 99%

A Tiled Ultrasound Matrix Transducer for Volumetric Imaging of the Carotid Artery

Santos

Fool

Mozaffarzadeh

et al. 2022

Sensors

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High frame rate three-dimensional (3D) ultrasound imaging would offer excellent possibilities for the accurate assessment of carotid artery diseases. This calls for a matrix transducer with a large aperture and a vast number of elements. Such a matrix transducer should be interfaced with an application-specific integrated circuit (ASIC) for channel reduction. However, the fabrication of such a transducer integrated with one very large ASIC is very challenging and expensive. In this study, we develop a prototype matrix transducer mounted on top of multiple identical ASICs in a tiled configuration. The matrix was designed to have 7680 piezoelectric elements with a pitch of 300 μm × 150 μm integrated with an array of 8 × 1 tiled ASICs. The performance of the prototype is characterized by a series of measurements. The transducer exhibits a uniform behavior with the majority of the elements working within the −6 dB sensitivity range. In transmit, the individual elements show a center frequency of 7.5 MHz, a −6 dB bandwidth of 45%, and a transmit efficiency of 30 Pa/V at 200 mm. In receive, the dynamic range is 81 dB, and the minimum detectable pressure is 60 Pa per element. To demonstrate the imaging capabilities, we acquired 3D images using a commercial wire phantom.

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Section: Appendix B Crosstalk Analysismentioning

confidence: 99%

A Tiled Ultrasound Matrix Transducer for Volumetric Imaging of the Carotid Artery

Santos

Fool

Mozaffarzadeh

et al. 2022

Sensors

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“…Such a trend is continued until all the transducers sequentially act as transmitters. Thus, higher levels of crosstalk in diffraction tomography are acceptable as compared to crosstalk requirements for linear array imaging [29].…”

Section: Transducermentioning

confidence: 99%

Toward transcranial ultrasound tomography: design of a 456-element low profile conformal array

Smiley¹,

Howell²,

Clement³

et al. 2019

Biomed. Phys. Eng. Express

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We have been investigating a 'belt-type' conformal transducer array designed for transcranial brain imaging. In precursory simulation work it was estimated that an array consisting of approximately 500 channels would be sufficient to achieve two-dimensional brain imaging utilizing a tomographic approach valid on irregular boundaries [G T Clement 2014 Inverse Probl. 30 1-22], such as the human head. To achieve such an array in practice we describe here a transducer designed and constructed around an assembly of rigid 1-3 composite planar sub-arrays (500 kHz, 1-3 random-fiber, 20 mm×20 mm) consisting of 19 elements. Sub-arrays are bonded to custom-printed circuit boards wired to shielded ribbon cable. The full transducer is created by ultra violet (UV) bonding the electrodes to a flexible 3D-printed head band. Element performance is assessed by underwater scanned hydrophone characterization in the far-field. Measurements are then numerically backprojected to the transducer face to assess isolation. It is determined that elements function independently with little impact on the nearby elements. The maximum measured pressure amplitude crosstalk of the neighbouring elements to the active element is less than −14 dB, which making appropriate connections to the 1-3 composite tile was a significant consideration satisfies the later tomography imaging requirements. Results also show a maximum 3 dB decrease in the pressure amplitude as referenced to the maximum pressure amplitude of elements. Due to the limited number of channels on the data and control acquisition system (N=128), an expander was designed and fabricated using 4:1 multiplexers (MUXs) to cover all the required number of transducer elements for the imaging system. The electrical characterization of the expander was addressed in terms of noise and crosstalk. Results show crosstalk of about −58.7±2.9 dB for the MUXs. Average signal to noise ratio (SNR) decreased by about 0.05 dB after adding the expander. Noise levels remained almost the same after increasing the average detected signal power. Overall, the design and measured results are found to satisfy the key transducer requirements for a conformal array designed for transcranial diffraction tomography. This 'work in progress' will be combined with an optical registration technique to form a complete imaging device.

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“…When two or more PZT are used, it is possible that some induced interferences appear depending on the application. One induced interference that can be studied and exploited in Structural Health Monitoring (SHM) and other applications that use multiple PZTs is the crosstalk, which is a phenomenon intrinsically associated with the PZT properties that appears when one or more PZT are closely placed [2][3][4][5].…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Crosstalk Effects in Matrix of PZT Sensors for SHM Applications Based on the Electromechanical Impedance Principle

FILHO,

CADALSO,

LEDESMA

et al. 2023

Proceedings of the 14th International Workshop on Structural Health Monitoring

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Using PZT transducers leads to different structural health monitoring techniques, such as those based on Frequency Response Function and Lamb Waves. When two or more PZT transducers are closely placed, an important interference, namely crosstalk, appears. This approach verified that such an effect can be modelled and implemented as a technique to detect damage. Accordingly, this work aims to present a methodology for studying the crosstalk effect in arrangements of PZT, where the electromechanical impedance (EMI) is used as a parameter of a PZT arrangement modelled as a coupled transmission line. For that purpose, the eigenvalues of a coupled electromechanical impedance matrix are obtained. We anticipate that the structural damage will influence the EMI signatures and the modelled matrix will be distinct for the healthy and damaged conditions. The proposed methodology was tested by simulating a simple Structural Health Monitoring system based on the EMI technique. The simulated structure was considered as a homogeneous medium in which two small PZT transducers separated by 6mm were attached. Two independent damages were simulated in the structure at 10 mm and 30 mm from each PZT. The initial simulations were implemented using the software SPICE and the crosstalk was estimated in time-domain. Some metric damage indices demonstrated the effectiveness of the proposed methodology.

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Research and Modeling of Mechanical Crosstalk in Linear Arrays of Ultrasonic Transducers

Cited by 11 publications

References 17 publications

A Tiled Ultrasound Matrix Transducer for Volumetric Imaging of the Carotid Artery

A Tiled Ultrasound Matrix Transducer for Volumetric Imaging of the Carotid Artery

Toward transcranial ultrasound tomography: design of a 456-element low profile conformal array

Crosstalk Effects in Matrix of PZT Sensors for SHM Applications Based on the Electromechanical Impedance Principle

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