Research and Experiment on Soybean Plant Identification Based on Laser Ranging Sensor

Abstract

When endeavoring to study the complex growth conditions of soybean plants under natural conditions, a problem arises due to the similar appearances of both soybean plants and weeds. To address this issue, a soybean plant recognition model based on a laser ranging sensor is proposed. To demonstrate the applicability of the soybean plant recognition model, experiments are conducted using ultrasonic sensors and laser ranging sensors to analyze the diameter, height, and spacing conditions in the model. A test environment is built, and during the pre-test, the laser range sensor detects objects with diameters of 3 mm and 5 mm with two and three measurement points, respectively, at a speed of 0.2 m/s. At a speed of 0.3 m/s, there is one measurement point for objects with 3 mm diameter and two measurement points for objects with 5 mm diameter. At 0.4 m/s, there are also one and two measurement points for objects with diameters of 3 mm and 5 mm, respectively. These results demonstrate that the laser range sensor can more accurately recognize the diameter conditions of soybean plants and weeds and can distinguish between the diameters of soybean plants and weeds. Subsequently, the recognition rate of the model is evaluated by observing whether the weeding mechanism can synchronize seedling avoidance after the soybean plant passes through the sensor. The recognition rates of the optimized model at speeds of 0.2 m/s, 0.3 m/s, and 0.4 m/s are 100%, 98.75%, and 93.75%, respectively. Upon comprehensive analysis, the soybean plant recognition model is determined to achieve a recognition rate of 98.75% at a speed of 0.3 m/s, which is considered a moderate speed, and demonstrates more stable recognition of plant diameters. The test further verifies the reliability and effectiveness of the method for distinguishing between soybean plants and weeds. The research results can serve as a reference for recognizing soybean plants based on the use of laser ranging sensors.