Research and Development of Heat Switch for Future Space Missions

Shinozaki, Kazuo; Nohara, Takehiro; Ando, Makiko; Okamoto, Atsushi; Maeda, Masakatsu; Sugita, Hiroyuki; Takada, Suguru

doi:10.2322/tastj.12.po_4_7

Cited by 4 publications

(4 citation statements)

References 12 publications

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“…Wax thermal regulators were mainly developed for thermal management in outer space applications. [ 105–107 ] Wax thermal regulators had switching ratios ranging from SR = 30 (τ = 3 min) [ 105 ] to SR = 130. [ 106 ] The thermal resistance of wax can change by an order of magnitude between two different phases.…”

Section: Fluidic Thermal Control Devicesmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Fluidic and Mechanical Thermal Control Devices

Klinar

Swoboda

Rojo

et al. 2020

Adv Elect Materials

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In recent years, intensive studies on thermal control devices have been conducted for the thermal management of electronics and computers as well as for applications in energy conversion, chemistry, sensors, buildings, and outer space. Conventional cooling or heating techniques realized using traditional thermal resistors and capacitors cannot meet the thermal requirements of advanced systems. Therefore, new thermal control devices are being investigated to satisfy these requirements. These devices include thermal diodes, thermal switches, thermal regulators, and thermal transistors, all of which manage heat in a manner analogous to how electronic devices and circuits control electricity. To design or apply these novel devices as well as thermal control principles, this paper presents a systematic and comprehensive review of the state‐of‐the‐art of fluidic and mechanical thermal control devices that have already been implemented in various applications for different size scales and temperature ranges. Operation principles, working parameters, and limitations are discussed and the most important features for a particular device are identified.

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Section: Fluidic Thermal Control Devicesmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…For example, Shinozaki et al. [ 106 ] reported that the thermal resistance during off and on states was R = 143 K W −1 and R = 1.16 K W −1 , respectively. However, thermal hysteresis is present as melting and solidification do not occur at the same temperature.…”

Section: Fluidic Thermal Control Devicesmentioning

confidence: 99%

Fluidic and Mechanical Thermal Control Devices

Klinar

Swoboda

Rojo

et al. 2020

Adv Elect Materials

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“…The incorporation of heat switches in these systems ensures reliable performance by eliminating disruptive vibrations, leading to enhanced accuracy and precision in scientific measurements. Among the various heat switch technologies, the gas-gap heat switch (GGHS) [5,8,[11][12][13][14][15][16][17][18][19] is most commonly used.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Modelling a Loop Heat Pipe as Heat Switch for Transient Application in Space Systems

Castanheira,

Dias,

Melicio

et al. 2023

Applied Sciences

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Heat switches are devices for controlling heat flow in various applications, such as electronic devices, cryogenic cooling systems, spacecraft, and rockets. These devices require non-linear transient thermal simulations, in which there is a lack of information. In this study, we introduce an innovative 1D thermo-hydraulic lumped parameter model to simulate loop heat pipes as heat switches by regulating the temperature difference between the evaporator and the compensation chamber. The developed thermo-hydraulic model uses the continuity, energy, and momentum equations to represent the behaviour of loop heat pipes as heat switches. The model also highlights the importance of some thermal conductance parameters and correction coefficients for accurately simulating the different operational states of a loop heat pipe. The simulations are conducted using the proposed 1D model, solved through the application of the Mathcad block function. The numerical model presented is successfully validated by comparing the temperatures of the evaporator and condenser inlet nodes with those of a referenced loop heat pipe from the literature. In conclusion, in this research, the mathematical modelling of loop heat pipes as heat switches is presented. This is achieved by incorporating correction coefficients with Boolean logic that results in non-linear transient simulations. The presented 1D thermo-hydraulic lumped parameter model serves as a valuable tool for thermal system design, particularly for systems with non-linear operational modes like sorption compressors. The graphical and nodal representation of this proposed 1D thermo-hydraulic model further enhances its utility in understanding and optimising loop heat pipes as heat switches across various thermal management scenarios.

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“…In 2002, Sunada et al. demonstrated the wax-actuated heat switches to support Mars rover’s battery having an allowable temperature range between −20 and +30 °C, whereas a Mars diurnal temperature can vary by over 100 °C during the daytime to −100 °C at night. , Since then, various attempts have been made to improve the design and the switching performance. − While researchers achieved varying degrees of success, the thermal switches developed in the past have been targeted for specialized applications, primarily for thermal management in spacecrafts. The passive thermal switches developed in this study have been designed for various generic applications near room temperature, particularly for the insulation system used in building envelopes, electronics, home appliances, and industrial heat pipes.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Contact-Based Passive Thermal Switch with a High Rectification Ratio

Kommandur

Kishore

2022

ACS Eng. Au

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Thermal control devices like diodes, regulators, and switches are essential to achieve directional heat flow for numerous applications, such as electronic systems, energy conversion or storage systems, and equipment for buildings. These devices exhibit a controllable thermal conductance that can be manipulated to allow preferential thermal transport. While several design concepts have existed for decades, they are rarely deployed due to some basic practical limitations related to scalability, cost, operating temperature, and/or requirements for external excitation. In this study, we achieved a fundamental breakthrough in developing a passive thermal switch, which has a simple and scalable design, is thermally driven (thus does not require an external stimulus), and exhibits a rectification ratio of 17.5, which is among the highest value reported for passive switches in the literature. Notably, the switch transitions from an effective thermal conductivity of ∼1.6 W/m-K (insulator) in the OFF state to ∼28 W/m-K (conductor) in the ON state near 50 °C. To demonstrate the cost-effective implementation of our technology at a large scale, we developed a self-regulating insulation panel that automatically varies its thermal resistance by using just a few thermal switches occupying less than 10% of the total surface area. Lastly, using a parametric analysis, we establish a promising pathway to further improve the performance and versatility of the proposed technology.

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Research and Development of Heat Switch for Future Space Missions

Cited by 4 publications

References 12 publications

Fluidic and Mechanical Thermal Control Devices

Fluidic and Mechanical Thermal Control Devices

Modelling a Loop Heat Pipe as Heat Switch for Transient Application in Space Systems

Contact-Based Passive Thermal Switch with a High Rectification Ratio

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