Rescue and propagation of fully retargeted oncolytic measles viruses

Nakamura, Takafumi; Peng, Kah Whye; Harvey, Mary; Greiner, Suzanne; Lorimer, Ian A. J.; James, C. David; Russell, Stephen J.

doi:10.1038/nbt1060

Cited by 233 publications

(293 citation statements)

References 32 publications

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“…In the case of oncolytic viruses, these molecules can be used to alter the tropism of viral agents such that they recognize receptors expressed on tumor cells or tumor endothelium. [1][2][3][4][5] Similarly nanoparticles that are coated with these domains or ligands accumulate in the tumor. 6,7 Blending an active targeting mechanism with a biologically active delivery vehicle, for example an immune cell, could increase the beneficial effect.…”

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confidence: 99%

Integrating the biological characteristics of oncolytic viruses and immune cells can optimize therapeutic benefits of cell-based delivery

Thorne

Contag

2008

Gene Ther

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Despite significant advances in the development of tumorselective agents, strategies for effective delivery of these agents across biological barriers to cells within the tumor microenvironment has been limiting. One tactical approach to overcoming biological barriers is to use cells as delivery vehicles, and a variety of different cell types have been investigated with a range of agents. In addition to transporting agents with targeted delivery, cells can also produce their own tumoricidal effect, conceal a payload from an immune response, amplify a selective agent at the target site and facilitate an antitumor immune response. We have reported a therapeutic combination consisting of cytokine induced killer cells and an oncolytic vaccinia virus with many of these features that led to therapeutic synergy in animal models of human cancer. The synergy was due to the interaction of the two agents to enhance the antitumor benefits of each individual component. As both of these agents display broad tumor-targeting potential and possess unique tumor killing mechanisms, together they were able to recognize and destroy a far greater number of malignant cells within the heterogeneous tumor than either agent alone. Effective cancer therapy will require recognition and elimination of the root of the disease, the cancer stem cell, and the combination of CIK cells and oncolytic vaccinia viruses has this potential. To create effective tumor-selective agents the viruses are modified to take advantage of the unique biology of the cancer cell. Similarly, if we are to develop targeted therapies that are sufficiently multifaceted to eliminate cancer cells at all stages of disease, we should integrate the virus into the unique biology of the cell delivery vehicle.

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confidence: 99%

Integrating the biological characteristics of oncolytic viruses and immune cells can optimize therapeutic benefits of cell-based delivery

Thorne

Contag

2008

Gene Ther

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“…We have been developing the attenuated strain of measles virus (MV) as an oncolytic agent for cancer therapy and retargeting virus tropism. 4,5 The virus uses its envelope glycoprotein, hemagglutinin (H), to attach to one of two cellular receptors, CD46 or SLAM (signaling lymphocyte activation molecule) and the fusion (F) glycoprotein to mediate viral-cell membrane fusion. Subsequent expression of MV-H and MV-F proteins on surfaces of infected tumor cells leads to extensive intercellular fusion (syncytia formation) and cell death.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Evaluation of T cells as carriers for systemic measles virotherapy in the presence of antiviral antibodies

et al. 2006

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“…Measles virus, for example, was first attenuated by serial passage in cultured cells, then genetically engineered to enhance its oncolytic potency and tumor specificity. [98][99][100][101][102] By and large, through a variety of mechanisms that have recently been reviewed [103][104][105][106][107][108][109][110] these clinically tested oncolytic viruses have shown strong specificity for neoplastic tissue.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

History of Oncolytic Viruses: Genesis to Genetic Engineering

2007

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Since the turn of the nineteenth century, when their existence was first recognized, viruses have attracted considerable interest as possible agents of tumor destruction. Early case reports emphasized regression of cancers during naturally acquired virus infections, providing the basis for clinical trials where body fluids containing human or animal viruses were used to transmit infections to cancer patients. Most often the viruses were arrested by the host immune system and failed to impact tumor growth, but sometimes, in immunosuppressed patients, infection persisted and tumors regressed, although morbidity as a result of the infection of normal tissues was unacceptable. With the advent of rodent models and new methods for virus propagation, there were numerous attempts through the 1950s and 1960s to force the evolution of viruses with greater tumor specificity, but success was limited and many researchers abandoned the field. Technology employing reverse genetics later brought about a renewal of interest in virotherapy that allowed the generation of more potent, tumor-specific oncolytics. Here, examination of early oncolytic virotherapy before genetic engineering serves to highlight tremendous advances, yet also hints at ways to penetrate host immune defenses, a significant remaining challenge in modern virotherapy research.

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Rescue and propagation of fully retargeted oncolytic measles viruses

Cited by 233 publications

References 32 publications

Integrating the biological characteristics of oncolytic viruses and immune cells can optimize therapeutic benefits of cell-based delivery

Integrating the biological characteristics of oncolytic viruses and immune cells can optimize therapeutic benefits of cell-based delivery

Evaluation of T cells as carriers for systemic measles virotherapy in the presence of antiviral antibodies

History of Oncolytic Viruses: Genesis to Genetic Engineering

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