“…Cryo-electron tomography and subtomogram averaging highlighted the importance of the primary cleavage between p2 and NC domains of Gag to initiate dimer RNA stabilization, while the ensuing cleavages are necessary to complete the process [ 175 ]. This change in NC RNA chaperone activity during proteolytic processing [ 60 , 176 , 177 , 178 ] is likely to regulate reverse transcription through multiple mechanisms including the promotion of stable tRNA annealing [ 179 , 180 ], facilitation of strand transfer [ 181 , 182 , 183 ], regulation of reverse transcription initiation [ 184 , 185 , 186 ], and the general remodelling of RNA structure, possibly to prevent reverse transcriptase stalling [ 187 , 188 ]. Recently, the impact of the RNA genome on proteolytic processing has also started to be evaluated.…”