Requirements and proposals for control and monitoring measurements of the HCLL TBM

Puma, A. Li; Aiello, G.; Gabriel, Franck; Laffont, G.; Rampal, G.; Salavy, J.-F.

doi:10.1016/j.fusengdes.2010.05.011

Cited by 13 publications

(3 citation statements)

References 30 publications

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“…Despite the promising characteristics of this technology and plans to use FBGs in the context of the ITER test blanket [4] and vacuum vessel [5], it had not been tested within the vacuum vessel of a fusion device. An FBG is a type of Bragg reflector implemented into fibre optics which consists of a periodic variation in the refractivity of the fibre core.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Deformation measurement of internal components of ASDEX Upgrade using optical strain sensors

Vorpahl¹,

Suttrop²,

Ebner³

et al. 2013

Fusion Engineering and Design

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A fibre-optic measurement system to analyse the deformation of in-vessel components has successfully been developed, installed and commissioned at ASDEX Upgrade (AUG). This technology has thereby been qualified for in-vessel use at experimental fusion devices. AUG is equipped with an internal conductor for passive plasma stabilisation called the Passive Stabilisation Loop (PSL), on which the recently installed 16 internal coils (B-coils) are directly mounted. The PSL structure is highly prone to vibrations, and the risk of resonant oscillations in response to B-coil induced forces necessitated the development of the present diagnostic. The diagnostic system consists of 34 fibre-optic strain sensors incorporated in two glass fibres. It is completely insensitive to electromagnetic disturbances. The fibres are customised to avoid inconvenient excess fibre length in the vacuum vessel. They were tested for their neutron tolerance and vacuum compatibility prior to installation. The actual sensors are embedded in stainless steel carriers that were attached to the PSL, which is made of copper, by laser welding. Appropriate welding parameters were determined in view of the metallurgical dissimilarity. The weld quality was approved by tensile tests and microscopic investigations. Accurate in-vessel positioning of the sensors was assured using a 3D measurement system and coordinates from CAD. The data acquisition allows a sampling rate of 1 kHz. It was shown that the temporal and spatial resolutions of the system are sufficient to resolve the potentially dangerous bending eigenmodes of the PSL rings.

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Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Deformation measurement of internal components of ASDEX Upgrade using optical strain sensors

Vorpahl¹,

Suttrop²,

Ebner³

et al. 2013

Fusion Engineering and Design

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“…FBG high temperature measurement is a challenging task and currently a major research topic. FBG strain or temperature sensors are foreseen in ITER tokamak in the magnet structure (temperature between 4.5K and 300K) [5], in the helium cooled lithium lead Test Blanket Module [6] and also in the vacuum vessel [7]. They have been already tested and installed in the Joint European Torus (JET) [8] and ASDEX Upgrade (AUG) [9] tokamaks to measure forces induced on the vacuum vessel during disruption and deformation of the passive stabilizing loop induced during plasma experiment respectively.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

First temperature database achieved with Fiber Bragg Grating sensors in uncooled plasma facing components of the WEST lower divertor

Corre

Chanet

Cotillard

et al. 2021

Fusion Engineering and Design

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“…1 They present great interest in the field of nuclear fusion research because they are immune to electromagnetic interference (EMI). FBG strain or temperature sensors are foreseen in the ITER tokamak in the magnet structure (temperature between 4.5 K and 300 K), 2 in the helium cooled lithium lead Test Blanket Module 3 and also in the vacuum vessel. 4 Such applications rely on specifically developed optical fiber-based sensors that should be tested in a real tokamak environment before integration in the ITER environment.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Integration of fiber Bragg grating temperature sensors in plasma facing components of the WEST tokamak

Corre

Laffont

Pocheau

et al. 2018

Review of Scientific Instruments

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Plasma Facing Components (PFC) temperature measurement is mandatory to ensure safe high power and long pulse tokamak operation. IR thermography systems which are widely used in magnetic fusions devices become challenged with the choice of tungsten as a PFC material in the ITER tokamak, mainly due to emissivity uncertainties and reflection issues in a hot environment. Embedded temperature measurements are foreseen to cross-check the IR thermography measurements. Fiber Bragg grating sensors are potentially of great interest for this application because they are immune to electromagnetic interference and allow the measurement of a large number of temperature spots on a single fiber. Four optical fiber temperature sensing probes, each of them including 11 regenerated fiber Bragg gratings equally spaced by 12.5 mm (equivalent to one ITER-like tungsten monoblock), have been specifically designed and manufactured for the WEST project (W-tungsten Environment and Steady State Tokamak). The four probes are embedded in W-coated graphite components at two different distances from the surface, 3.5 mm and 7 mm, to cover a wide range of temperatures up to 900 °C. This paper addresses the design and integration issues and the qualification and performance assessment performed in the laboratory. It also shows the first measurements of this new diagnostic achieved in a tokamak environment during baking of the machine and during early diverted plasma exposure.

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Requirements and proposals for control and monitoring measurements of the HCLL TBM

Cited by 13 publications

References 30 publications

Deformation measurement of internal components of ASDEX Upgrade using optical strain sensors

Deformation measurement of internal components of ASDEX Upgrade using optical strain sensors

First temperature database achieved with Fiber Bragg Grating sensors in uncooled plasma facing components of the WEST lower divertor

Integration of fiber Bragg grating temperature sensors in plasma facing components of the WEST tokamak

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