“…Aquaporin-4 (AQP4), a predominant water channel in adult brain, is widely expressed in astrocytes (Nielsen et al, 1997) and plays important roles in the regulation of extravascular brain water, brain volume homeostasis, and cerebrospinal fluid production (AmiryMoghaddam and Ottersen, 2003). A lot of evidence shows that AQP4 is involved in the pathophysiology of cerebral disorders, including stroke, cerebral edema, traumatic brain injury, Parkinson's disease, epilepsy, and depression, and so on (Binder et al, 2006;Chi et al, 2011;Ding et al, 2009;Friedman et al, 2009;Kong et al, 2009;Thrane et al, 2011). Recent studies demonstrate that AQP4 knockout (KO) inhibits the formation of glial cell-derived neurotrophic factor and increases microglial inflammatory responses in MPTP-treated mouse model of Parkinson's disease (Chi et al, 2011;Fan et al, 2008).…”