Repurposing Reelin: The new role of radial glia, Reelin and Notch in motor neuron migration

Hawthorne, Alicia L.

doi:10.1016/j.expneurol.2014.02.024

Cited by 4 publications

(3 citation statements)

References 79 publications

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“…The aforementioned techniques have allowed us to establish that neuroblasts, originating from the neuroepithelium, subsequently migrate in a targeted manner through amoeboid movements in various directions towards their sites of further differentiation along the radial glial fibers [5]. There is a viewpoint that these "guiding" glial cells disappear after the maturation of neurons.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Immunohistochemical characteristics of the gray matter of the human spinal cord in the late prenatal period

et al. 2023

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The study is dedicated to the relevant problem of studying the patterns of age-related (prenatal) restructuring in the brain and spinal cord and provides opportunities for predicting and correcting the occurrence of congenital defects. The aim of the research was to establish the nature of immunohistochemical marker expression in the gray matter structures of the human spinal cord during the late prenatal period. The material for the study consisted of spinal cord preparations from 27 human fetuses at gestational age 35-40 weeks. The following methods were used during the research: anatomical, general histological, special histological, immunohistochemical, morphometric, and statistical analysis of the obtained data. It was found that at 35-36 weeks of the gestational period, the proliferation of neural stem cells (NSCs) occurs more intensively in the ventral neuroepithelium of spinal cord segments compared to the dorsal neuroepithelium. In the ventral neuroepithelium, there are 5-6 mitotic or post-mitotic NSCs, while in the dorsal part, there are only 2-3 cells. In fetuses at 39-40 weeks, the proliferative activity of neural stem cells in the dorsal neuroepithelium is higher in cervical and lumbar segments, where Ki-67 expression is detected in 6 % of cells (reactive in 7-8 cells), and in thoracic and sacral segments, it is 4 % (reactive in 3-4 cells). In contrast to the dorsal neuroepithelium, in the ventral part of the neuroepithelium of the segments, the proliferative activity of neural stem cells is slightly less intense. In cervical and lumbar segments, Ki-67 expression occurred in 4 % of cells (reactive in 3-4 cells), and in thoracic and sacral segments, it was 2 % (reactive in 1-2 cells). At 35-36 weeks of gestation, high vimentin expression was observed around the neuroepithelium, at the base of the posterior horns, and along the posterior median septum. Vimentin expression in the mantle layer was relatively weak and persisted along blood vessels and in the area of spinal cord root formation. Before birth, relatively weak vimentin expression was detected in the remnants of radial glia surrounding the neuroepithelial layer. Vimentin expression was absent in the neuroepithelium proper, but focal vimentin expression was observed around blood vessels. The absence of vimentin expression in the neuroepithelium indicates the disappearance of radial cells. At 35-40 weeks of the gestational period, relatively strong synaptophysin expression was observed in the mantle layer of spinal cord segments, indicating the intensity of neuronal connectivity establishment and myelination of nerve fibers. These processes continue after birth. Synaptophysin expression was absent in the neuroepithelium proper.

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Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Immunohistochemical characteristics of the gray matter of the human spinal cord in the late prenatal period

et al. 2023

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“…The mechanism underlying this unusual combination of both central and peripheral motor impairment is unknown, but it most probably involves a common genetic insult affecting basic cellular processes regulating the development of MNs and cortical projection neurons (PNs). During the embryonic period, PNs and MNs are generated in germinal ventricular zones then migrate radially to reach their final anatomical position and interestingly, they share common molecular regulators [5][6][7] . Here, we identify a missense mutation in the MCF.2 Cell Line Derived Transforming Sequence (MCF2) gene in a boy with CBPS associated to lower MN dysfunction.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

MCF2 is linked to a complex perisylvian syndrome and affects cortical lamination

Molinard-Chenu

Fluss

Guipponi

et al. 2019

Preprint

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“…In the reeler phenotype mice, the Reln gene is missing 6 and therefore the process of neuron migration and brain architecture are compromised. This knockout results in an inverted cerebral cortex 7 . The Reln gene, located on chromosome 7 in humans, encodes reelin (RELN) - a large (385 kDa) signal glycoprotein localized in the extracellular matrix.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Dynamics, nanomechanics and signal transduction in reelin repeats

Mikulska-Ruminska

Strzelecki

Nowak

2019

Sci Rep

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Reelin is a large glycoprotein controlling brain development and cell adhesion. It regulates the positioning of neurons, as well as neurotransmission and memory formation. Perturbations in reelin signaling are linked to psychiatric disorders. Reelin participates in signal transduction by binding to the lipoprotein receptors VLDLR and ApoER2 through its central region. This part is rich in repeating BNR-EGF-BNR modules. We used standard molecular dynamics, steered molecular dynamics, and perturbation response scanning computational methods to characterize unique dynamical properties of reelin modules involved in signaling. Each module has specific sensors and effectors arranged in a similar topology. In the modules studied, disulfide bridges play a protective role, probably making both selective binding and protease activity of reelin possible. Results of single reelin molecule stretching by atomic force microscopy provide the first data on the mechanical stability of individual reelin domains. The forces required for partial unfolding of the modules studied are below 60 pN.

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Repurposing Reelin: The new role of radial glia, Reelin and Notch in motor neuron migration

Cited by 4 publications

References 79 publications

Immunohistochemical characteristics of the gray matter of the human spinal cord in the late prenatal period

Immunohistochemical characteristics of the gray matter of the human spinal cord in the late prenatal period

MCF2 is linked to a complex perisylvian syndrome and affects cortical lamination

Dynamics, nanomechanics and signal transduction in reelin repeats

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