Reprograming immunity to food allergens

John, Ashley L. St.; Ang, W.X. Gladys; Rathore, Abhay P. S.; Abraham, Soman N.

doi:10.1016/j.jaci.2018.01.020

Cited by 4 publications

(3 citation statements)

References 14 publications

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“…30.20085613). Most Abs identified in convalescent sera against the nucleocapsid (NP) and S proteins and were predominantly IgG1 (70), interestingly, a Th2-associated isotype (73,74). Although nearly uniformly detectable following infection for SARS-CoV-2, studies of patients who recovered from SARS-CoV have raised questions regarding how long these Abs can persist because only 50% of patients were still seropositive 4 years postinfection (75).…”

Section: Resolution Recovery and Immune Memorymentioning

confidence: 99%

Early Insights into Immune Responses during COVID-19

John

Rathore

2020

The Journal of Immunology

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The initial presentation of COVID-19 is similar to other respiratory viral infections. Fever and cough are the most common signs at presentation, followed by muscle aches, confusion, and more rarely, sore throat, rhinorrhea, and chest pain (6, 7) (Fig. 1). The COVID-19 cough is often characterized as "dry," and patients may have labored or rapid breathing (6, 8). There may also be disturbances to taste and smell perception (D.

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Section: Resolution Recovery and Immune Memorymentioning

confidence: 99%

Early Insights into Immune Responses during COVID-19

John

Rathore

2020

The Journal of Immunology

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“…Allergic diseases affect ~10 to 30% of the general population, and their prevalence has been increasing over time (14,15). Allergic reactions are primarily mediated by immune mechanisms that promote Th2-polarized immunity, leading to immunoglobulin E (IgE) production that triggers MC activation upon allergen exposure (16)(17)(18). However, MC degranulation can also be triggered by alternate mechanisms, including immune complexes, anaphylatoxins, and through other G protein-coupled receptors such as MrgX2 (19)(20)(21).…”

mentioning

confidence: 99%

Fetal mast cells mediate postnatal allergic responses dependent on maternal IgE

Msallam

Balla

Rathore

et al. 2020

Science

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Mast cells (MCs) are central effector cells in allergic reactions, often mediated by IgE. Allergies commonly start at an early age, and both MCs and IgE are detectable in fetuses. However, whether fetal MCs are functionally competent to IgE-mediated activation and the origin of fetal IgE are presently unknown. We show that human and mouse fetal MCs phenotypically mature through pregnancy and can be sensitized by maternal IgE. IgE crossed the placenta, dependent on the fetal neonatal Fc-receptor (FcRN), and sensitized fetal MCs for allergen-specific degranulation. Both passive and active prenatal sensitization conferred allergen sensitivity, resulting in postnatal skin and airway inflammation following the first allergen encounter. We report a role for MCs within the developing fetus and demonstrate that fetal MCs may contribute to antigen-specific vertical transmission of allergic disease.

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“…As it is now possible to reprogram adaptive immune responses to vaccines by using Th1-or Th2-polarizing adjuvants (28)(29)(30)(31), we hypothesized that it may be possible to boost bacteriaclearing Th1 immune responses in the bladder of subjects already primed to evoke Th2 responses. Such a vaccine would not only protect against bladder colonization, but also eliminate residual bacteria that persist following infection.…”

mentioning

confidence: 99%

Local induction of bladder Th1 responses to combat urinary tract infections

Bao

Reinhardt

et al. 2021

Proc. Natl. Acad. Sci. U.S.A.

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Given the high frequency of urinary tract infections (UTIs) and their recurrence, there is keen interest in developing effective UTI vaccines. Currently, most vaccine studies, including those in humans, involve parenteral vaccination aimed at evoking and sustaining elevated levels of systemic antibody directed at the uropathogens. In view of recent reports of aberrant Th2-biased bladder immune responses to infection, we hypothesized that immunizing mice intravesically with antigens from uropathogenic Escherichia coli (UPEC) combined with a Th1-skewing adjuvant could correct this defect and promote protection against UTIs. Here we report that compared with mice immunized subcutaneously with this vaccine combination, intravesically immunized mice were markedly more protected from UTIs because of their distinctive ability to recruit Th1 cells into the bladder. This mode of vaccination was effective even in mice that experienced multiple UTIs and displayed pronounced aberrant bladder immune responses. Thus, intravesical vaccination with one or more UPEC antigens to induce bladder Th1 responses represents a superior strategy to combat UTIs, especially in UTI-prone subjects.

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Reprograming immunity to food allergens

Abstract: Summary A novel immune-modulatory therapy utilizing targeted delivery of cytokines to draining lymph nodes effectively reprograms Th2 allergic responses towards a Th1 and tolerogenic profile, resulting in protection from peanut antigen-induced anaphylaxis.

Cited by 4 publications

References 14 publications

Early Insights into Immune Responses during COVID-19

Early Insights into Immune Responses during COVID-19

Fetal mast cells mediate postnatal allergic responses dependent on maternal IgE

Local induction of bladder Th1 responses to combat urinary tract infections

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