Reproductive Versatility of Kelps in Changing Oceans

Coleman, Melinda A.; Veenhof, Reina J.

doi:10.1111/jpy.13171

Cited by 4 publications

(3 citation statements)

References 18 publications

Supporting

Mentioning

Contrasting

Order By: Relevance

“…In the kelp Lessonia nigrescens , more females survived at a higher temperature toward the warmer range edge, while the opposite was true for cooler populations (Oppliger et al, 2011). As the gametophytes used in this study were sourced from the warm range edge of E. radiata , it is possible that a skewed sex ratio toward more females at higher temperatures is part of a differential reproductive patterns at the range edge, which is observed in other range‐edge kelp populations (Camus et al, 2021; Coleman & Veenhof, 2021).…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Urchin grazing of kelp gametophytes in warming oceans

Veenhof

Coleman

Champion

et al. 2023

Journal of Phycology

Self Cite

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

Sea urchins can cause extensive damage to kelp forests, and their overgrazing can create extensive barren areas, leading to a loss of biodiversity. Barrens may persist when the recruitment of kelp, which occurs through the microscopic haploid gametophyte stage, is suppressed. However, the ecology of kelp gametophytes is poorly understood, and here we investigate if grazing by juvenile urchins on kelp gametophytes can suppress kelp recruitment and if this is exacerbated by climate change. We compared grazing of Ecklonia radiata gametophytes by two species of juvenile urchins, the tropical Tripneustes gratilla and the temperate Centrostephanus rodgersii, at winter (19°C), summer (23°C), and ocean warming (26°C) temperatures for the low‐latitude range edge of E. radiata, which is vulnerable to ocean warming. We examined the rate of recovery of gametophytes following grazing and determined whether they survived and formed sporophytes after ingestion by sea urchins. Both T. gratilla and C. rodgersii grazed E. radiata gametophytes, reducing their abundance compared to no grazing controls. Surprisingly, temperature did not influence grazing rates, but gametophytes did not recover from grazing in the ocean warming (26°C) treatment. Gametophytes survived ingestion by both species of sea urchin and formed sporophytes after ingestion by T. gratilla, but not C. rodgersii. These results suggest complex grazer–gametophyte interactions, in which both negative (reduced abundance and poor recovery with warming) and positive (facilitated recruitment) effects are possible. Small grazers may play a more important role in kelp ecosystem function than previously thought and should be considered in our understanding of alternate stable states.

show abstract

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Urchin grazing of kelp gametophytes in warming oceans

Veenhof

Coleman

Champion

et al. 2023

Journal of Phycology

Self Cite

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

show abstract

“…This is possibly due to the purging of genetic load, 52 whereby deleterious recessive alleles lower fitness in the haploid gametophyte stage 49,53 that alternate with a diploid sporophyte stage in the life cycle. More importantly, Camus et al 54 recently simulated in‐breeding (parthenogenesis), selfing, and out‐breeding experiments with M. pyrifera and found that the selfed (also inbred) lineage produced superior reproductive traits, such as gametophyte size, number, and size of oogonia compared with the outbred lineage, suggesting that in‐breeding did not reduce reproductive output 55 . Therefore, selfing is a potentially key complement to genetic breeding in kelps if it does not largely reduce fitness, and the increased fecundity can compensate for the reduced fertility in cases with a high cost of selfing 54 …”

Section: Challenges Of Kelp Breedingmentioning

confidence: 99%

Kelp breeding in China: Challenges and opportunities for solutions

Hu,

Shan,

Zhang

et al. 2023

Reviews in Aquaculture

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

Breeding has played an important role in the mariculture and industrialization of kelp in China. However, the current kelp breeding systems in China have encountered some problems relating to germplasm diversity, management, technological innovations, and regional co‐operation. This review summarizes the main challenges, such as top‐down and fragmented management of germplasm libraries, as well as private industry breeding without government regulations, inter‐cultivar accidental admixing and genetic erosion, loss of heterozygosity due to repeated selection and self‐crossing. We outline multiple potential approaches to breed cultivars with improved qualitative/quantitative traits which can be subjected to changing environments, for example: (i) establishing a national germplasm repository to enhance integrative collection and preservation of kelp resources; (ii) planning and implementing kelp breeding programmes according to strategic priorities and goal‐orientations; (iii) optimizing a hybridization‐based breeding pipeline to produce robust cultivars through the introgression of novel alleles and thus the expression of hybrid vigour; (iv) enriching the high‐quality annotated reference genomes and functional analysis of trait‐associated markers/loci to develop DNA‐based breeding technologies; (v) developing new priming‐based (e.g., thermal and disease resistance) bio‐engineering breeding strategies to meet future unpredictable climate change; and (vi) breeding towards an ecological kelp‐microbiome interaction‐based technique to produce cultivars with enhanced performance and adaptability to environmental scenarios. Collectively, the lessons learned from kelp breeding in China and the solutions proposed here may not only potentially improve or re‐invigorate the Chinese kelp industry, but will also assist other developing countries in taking corrective actions to develop a sustainable future kelp farming industry.

show abstract

“…Kelp forests are a dominant feature along many temperate to boreal rocky shores and play a foundation role for numerous species by providing them substrate, shelter or food (Teagle et al 2017, Jayathilake & Costello 2020, Coleman & Veenhof 2021. The decline they have shown in some biogeographic regions has justified their recent inclusion in the OSPAR list of threatened and declining habitats (see de Bettignies et al 2021).…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Influence of oceanography and geographic distance on genetic structure: how varying the sampled domain influences conclusions inLaminaria digitata

Fouqueau,

Reynes,

Tempera

et al. 2023

Preprint

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

Understanding the environmental processes shaping connectivity can greatly improve management and conservation actions which are essential in the trailing edge of species' distributions. In this study, we used a dataset built from 32 populations situated in the southern limit of the kelp species Laminaria digitata. By extracting data from 11 microsatellite markers, our aim was to (1) refine the analyses of population structure, (2) compare connectivity patterns and genetic diversity between island and mainland populations and (3) evaluate the influence of sampling year, hydrodynamic processes, habitat discontinuity, spatial distance and sea surface temperature on the genetic structure using a distance-based redundancy analysis (db-RDA). Analyses of population structure enabled to identify well connected populations associated to high genetic diversity, and others which appeared genetically isolated from neighboring populations and showing signs of genetic erosion verifying contrasting ecological (and demographic) status in Brittany and the English Channel. By performing db-RDA analyses on various sampling sizes, geographic distance appeared as the dominant factor influencing connectivity between populations separated by great distances, while hydrodynamic processes were the main factor at smaller scale. Finally, Lagrangian simulations enabled to study the directionality of gene flow which has implications on source-sink dynamics. Overall, our results have important significance in regard to the management of kelp populations facing pressures both from global warming and their exploitation for commercial use.

show abstract

Reproductive Versatility of Kelps in Changing Oceans

Cited by 4 publications

References 18 publications

Urchin grazing of kelp gametophytes in warming oceans

Urchin grazing of kelp gametophytes in warming oceans

Kelp breeding in China: Challenges and opportunities for solutions

Influence of oceanography and geographic distance on genetic structure: how varying the sampled domain influences conclusions inLaminaria digitata

Contact Info

Product

Resources

About