Reproductive systems biology tackles global issues of population growth, food safety and reproductive health

Šutovský, Peter; Cupp, Andrea S.; Thompson, Winston E.; Baker, Mark A.

doi:10.1007/s00441-015-2323-4

Cited by 4 publications

(2 citation statements)

References 44 publications

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“…With the rising global population in recent decades, effective contraceptive methods which are safe, reliable and cheap are needed for family planning [1]. The intrauterine device (IUD), a contraceptive method that is locally deployed into the uterine cavity, has been shown to effectively prevent pregnancies [references?].…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Safety of intrauterine devices in MRI

et al. 2018

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ObjectivesThe paucity of safety information on intrauterine devices (IUD) for magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) examinations is clinically relevant. The aim of this study is to evaluate the MRI safety of clinically used IUDs composed of copper/gold and stainless steel at 1.5T and 3.0T.Materials and methodsWe assessed and compared the displacement force, torque effects, presence of imaging artifacts and heating of IUDs composed of copper/gold (western IUDs) and stainless steel (China) on 1.5 and 3.0T MRI systems.ResultsGold/Copper IUDs can show small deflection angles of 7° ± 7° in the worst-case field gradient of 40T/m (equivalent to magnetic force of 0.5 mN), while the stainless steel IUD experienced significant magnetic force and deflection (Force > 7.5 N; deflection angle 90° ± 1°). Manual rotation and suspension method show no torque effects on gold/copper IUDs but high torque effects were observed by manual rotation on the stainless steel IUD. Heating measurements showed a temperature increase (rescaled to a wbSAR of 4 W/kg) of 1.4°C at 1.5T / 3.4°C at 3.0 T (stainless steel IUD), 3.2°C at 1.5 T / 3.8°C at 3 T (copper/gold IUD), 3.3°C at 1.5 T / 4.8°C at 3 T (copper 1), 3.8°C at 1.5 T / 4.8°C at 3 T (copper 2). The visible imaging artifacts of the copper and gold IUDs at 3 T MRI reach a diameter of 4 mm ± 1 mm, while the stainless steel IUD resulted in artifacts measuring 200mm ± 10 mm when using gradient echo pulse sequences.ConclusionsStandard IUDs (copper/gold) can be considered as conditional for MR safety at 1.5 T and 3.0 T, demonstrating at wbSAR up to 4W/kg and a magnetic field gradient of up to 40T/m with minimal imaging artifacts. The stainless steel IUD, however, induces unacceptable artifacts and is potentially harmful to patients during MRI due to high magnetic dislocation forces and torque (MR unsafe).

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Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Safety of intrauterine devices in MRI

et al. 2018

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“… 7 , 8 The virulence determinants of F. tularensis remain largely undefined. 9 The known virulence factors include lipopolysaccharide (LPS), 10 , 11 MglA/MglB, 12 AcpA, 13 DsbB, 14 FipB, 15 FipA, 16 FmvB, 17 MsrB, 18 catalase 19 and the proteins of the type-VI secretion system encoded by the Francisella pathogenicity island (FPI). 20 Several large genetic screens in animal infection models have also revealed many genes that may be involved in F. tularensis pathogenesis.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Outer membrane vesicle-associated lipase FtlA enhances cellular invasion and virulence in Francisella tularensis LVS

Chen

Cui

Wang

et al. 2017

Emerging Microbes & Infections

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Francisella tularensis is a highly infectious intracellular pathogen that infects a wide range of host species and causes fatal pneumonic tularemia in humans. ftlA was identified as a potential virulence determinant of the F. tularensis live vaccine strain (LVS) in our previous transposon screen, but its function remained undefined. Here, we show that an unmarked deletion mutant of ftlA was avirulent in a pneumonia mouse model with a severely impaired capacity to infect host cells. Consistent with its sequence homology with GDSL lipase/esterase family proteins, the FtlA protein displayed lipolytic activity in both E. coli and F. tularensis with a preference for relatively short carbon-chain substrates. FtlA thus represents the first F. tularensis lipase to promote bacterial infection of host cells and in vivo fitness. As a cytoplasmic protein, we found that FtlA was secreted into the extracellular environment as a component of outer membrane vesicles (OMVs). Further confocal microscopy analysis revealed that the FtlA-containing OMVs isolated from F. tularensis LVS attached to the host cell membrane. Finally, the OMV-associated FtlA protein complemented the genetic deficiency of the ΔftlA mutant in terms of host cell infection when OMVs purified from the parent strain were co-incubated with the mutant bacteria. These lines of evidence strongly suggest that the FtlA lipase promotes F. tularensis adhesion and internalization by modifying bacterial and/or host molecule(s) when it is secreted as a component of OMVs.

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A century of andrology in Cell & Tissue Research: looking back while moving forward

Meinhardt,

Sutovsky

2024

Cell Tissue Res

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Reproductive systems biology tackles global issues of population growth, food safety and reproductive health

Cited by 4 publications

References 44 publications

Safety of intrauterine devices in MRI

Safety of intrauterine devices in MRI

Outer membrane vesicle-associated lipase FtlA enhances cellular invasion and virulence in Francisella tularensis LVS

A century of andrology in Cell & Tissue Research: looking back while moving forward

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