Reproductive Strategies in Annelida: Germ Cell Formation and Regeneration

Tadokoro, Ryosuke

doi:10.1007/978-4-431-56609-0_10

Cited by 1 publication

(4 citation statements)

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“…Annelid germ cell and gonad regeneration have been reviewed previously focusing on a limited number of annelids Tadokoro, 2018;Weisblat, 2006;Wessel et al, 2020). In this review, I cover extensive literature going back to the late 1800s and published in many languages.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…In contrast, somatic cells are viewed as an aging cell population and once the germline is segregated from soma during embryogenesis, somatic cells do not contribute to the reproductive cell pool (Buss, 1983; Johnson et al, 2011; Monaghan & Metcalfe, 2019; Weismann, 1893). While this dichotomous view of germline and soma holds true for many extensively studied model organisms (e.g., Drosophila , Caenorhabditis elegans , mouse), many organisms do not fit into this strict mold (Bounoure, 1940; Buss, 1988; Heys, 1931; Özpolat et al, 2016; Stéphan‐Dubois, 1964; Stephenson, 1930; Tadokoro, 2018; Weisblat, 2006; Wessel et al, 2020). In some organisms, the germline can be recovered upon loss of reproductive organs or ablation of the primordial germ cells.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Therefore, annelids show high plasticity around making and remaking their germline in different contexts and at different developmental stages. Annelid germ cell and gonad regeneration have been reviewed previously focusing on a limited number of annelids (Özpolat & Bely, 2016; Özpolat et al, 2016; Tadokoro, 2018; Weisblat, 2006; Wessel et al, 2020). In this review, I cover extensive literature going back to the late 1800s and published in many languages.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…While this dichotomous view of germline and soma holds true for many extensively studied model organisms (e.g. Drosophila, Caenorhabditis elegans, mouse), many organisms do not fit into this strict mold (Stephenson, 1930;Heys, 1931;Bounoure, 1940;Stéphan-Dubois, 1964;Buss, 1988;Weisblat, 2006;Tadokoro, 2018;Wessel et al, 2020). In some organisms the germline can be recovered upon loss of reproductive organs or ablation of the primordial germ cells.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Annelids as models of germ cell and gonad regeneration

Özpolat

2023

J Exp Zool Pt B

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Germ cells (reproductive cells and their progenitors) give rise to the next generation in sexually reproducing organisms. The loss or removal of germ cells often leads to sterility in established research organisms such as the fruit fly, nematodes, frog, and mouse. The failure to regenerate germ cells in these organisms reinforced the dogma of germline–soma barrier in which germ cells are set‐aside during embryogenesis and cannot be replaced by somatic cells. However, in stark contrast, many animals including segmented worms (annelids), hydrozoans, planaria, sea stars, sea urchins, and tunicates can regenerate germ cells. Here I review germ cell and gonad regeneration in annelids, a rich history of research that dates back to the early 20th century in this highly regenerative group. Examples include annelids from across the annelid phylogeny, across developmental stages, and reproductive strategies. Adult annelids regenerate germ cells as a part of regeneration, grafting, and asexual reproduction. Annelids can also recover germ cells after ablation of germ cell progenitors in the embryos. I present a framework to investigate cellular sources of germ cell regeneration in annelids, and discuss the literature that supports different possibilities within this framework, where germ–soma separation may or may not be preserved. With contemporary genetic‐lineage tracing and bioinformatics tools, and several genetically enabled annelid models, we are at the brink of answering the big questions that puzzled many for over more than a century.

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Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%