Reproductive qualities of hybrid sows at crossing with Duroc boars

Abstract

Abstract. Purpose. The research of reproductive qualities of hybrid sows when crossing with boars of the Duroc breed in an industrial pig complex at the “Vostochny” of the Udmurt Republic. Methods of the research. The scientific and production experience was carried out on the basis of the leading pig complex of the Udmurt Republic. The object of the study was sows of specialized types – Vostochnyy (large white breed), Italmas (landrace breed), Udmurt (Yorkshire breed) and boars of the specialized Jayet line (Duroc breed). Studies to evaluate the reproductive qualities of hybrid sows and the economic efficiency of the enterprise were carried out on the basis of generally accepted zootechnical, economic methods. Results. The combination of hybrid sows KB×L (12.3 heads) is distinguished by a high rate of multifertility, which is higher by 0.1 head compared to L×Y and Y×L (12.2 heads). The safety for weaning is 88.6%, the weight of the nest at 30 days is 102.7 kg for the L×Y combination, which are the best indicators among hybrid sows. The results of the compatibility of two-breed hybrid uterus with the boars of the paternal form of duroc showed that the multiple fertility of sows in the groups averaged 12.5 piglets. Sows (KB×L)×D showed the highest multiple pregnancy of 12.9 heads, which is 0.4 heads and 0.8 heads higher than the rest of the combinations, respectively. By large-fruited piglets, no significant differences were found. The greatest safety of piglets for weaning was obtained with the combination (L×Y)×D – 93.04 %. The best indicators of individual development of piglets in the suckling period are observed in the sows of the combination (L×Y)×D: the average weight of one piglet at weaning in this group was 9.02 kg, which is 0.2–0.9 higher on average in comparison with peers from other groups, 9.02 kg. The scientific novelty.In the conditions of the Udmurt Republic, for the first time, the optimal combinability of hybrid uterus of specialized types with boars of the specialized father's line Jayet in obtaining domestic commodity hybrids was determined.