Reproductive performance of South African indigenous goats following oestrous synchronisation and AI

Lehloenya, K.C.; Greyling, J.P.C.; Schwalbach, L.M.J.

doi:10.1016/j.smallrumres.2004.05.004

Cited by 55 publications

(47 citation statements)

References 18 publications

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“…The Nguni goats are endowed with good mothering ability, adaptability, hardiness, and resistance to diseases and parasites (Barry and Godke, 2001). They exhibit low mortality rate (less than 10%) compared to breeds such as the Boer goats that can exhibit mortality of up to 30% (Lehloenya et al, 2005). Conception rates of 52%, litter sizes of 2.0, and a gestation period of 149.1 ± 0.8 days, with some goats giving birth to quadruplets, have been observed in this genotype (Lehloenya et al, 2005).…”

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confidence: 84%

“…They exhibit low mortality rate (less than 10%) compared to breeds such as the Boer goats that can exhibit mortality of up to 30% (Lehloenya et al, 2005). Conception rates of 52%, litter sizes of 2.0, and a gestation period of 149.1 ± 0.8 days, with some goats giving birth to quadruplets, have been observed in this genotype (Lehloenya et al, 2005). In addition, the Nguni doe's milk has been shown to have high milk fat yield of 8%, lactose content of 8%, and protein content of 5% (Lehloenya et al, 2005).…”

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confidence: 99%

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Effect of season and age on blood minerals, liver enzyme levels, and faecal egg counts in Nguni goats of South Africa

Gf¹,

Chimonyo²,

Dzama³

2012

CZECH J ANIM SCI

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ABSTRACT:The objective of the study was to determine the relationships between age of the goat and faecal egg counts, liver enzymes, and minerals in the wet and dry seasons in male and female Nguni goats of South Africa. Fifty-six female and forty male Nguni goats were used for the study. Faecal and blood samples were collected once in the dry (August) and wet (January) season. Faecal egg counts (FEC) were determined by the modified McMaster technique while trematodes were determined by the sedimentation method. Blood was analyzed for phosphorus, calcium, magnesium, alkaline phosphatase (ALP), alanine transaminase (ALT), creatine kinase (CK), aspartate aminotransferase (AST), and gamma-glutamyltransferase (GGT) levels. Faecal egg counts were significantly higher in the wet compared with the dry season. Most (P < 0.05) of the goats were within the reference values for calcium, phosphorus, and magnesium in both seasons. Phosphorus concentrations were significantly affected by age with higher levels in the young (2.1 ± 0.06) compared to the adult (2.0 ± 0.03) goats. Alkaline phosphate was significantly affected by age with higher levels in young than in mature goats. Higher AST, CK, and GGT concentrations were recorded in the wet compared to the dry season (P < 0.05). Higher CK and AST were recorded in male than in female goats while for ALP, the values were higher in female than in male goats. Linear negative relationships (P < 0.05) existed between age and ALP, phosphorus, and FEC, while quadratic relationships existed between age and strongyles and Strongyloides egg counts. Calcium was linearly related (P < 0.05) to FEC, while CK was related to FEC in a quadratic fashion. Age of the Nguni goats can be used to predict faecal egg counts, phosphorus, and ALP levels.

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confidence: 84%

mentioning

confidence: 99%

Effect of season and age on blood minerals, liver enzyme levels, and faecal egg counts in Nguni goats of South Africa

Gf¹,

Chimonyo²,

Dzama³

2012

CZECH J ANIM SCI

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“…South Africa has a fairly wide variety of unimproved indigenous goats, such as the Nguni and locally improved breeds such as the Boer goat (Ramsay and Donkin 2000;Lehloenya et al 2005). Unimproved indigenous goats are essential animals in many countries due to the fact that they can survive under harsh conditions and their maintenance costs are low when compared with exotic breeds (Chemineau et al 1997).…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…The average litter size of unimproved indigenous goats is 1.7 kids per doe and kidding rates of 96% can be obtained (Webb and Mamabolo 2004). On the other side, the average litter size of the Boer goat is 1.93 kids per doe (Lehloenya et al 2005). Reproduction in goats under commercial management conditions depends largely on oestrous synchronisation (modification of the ovarian cycle) and ovulation, with AI being performed at a fixedtime (Chemineau et al 1997;Leboeuf et al 2000).…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Short-term (6Á11 days) and long-term (12Á19 days) progestagen protocols can be used for oestrous synchronisation in goats (Lehloenya et al 2005;Chao et al 2008;Rahman et al 2008a;Tibary 2009). Generally, the most commercially used intravaginal devices for oestrous synchronisation in goats are medroxyprogesterone (MAP), flurogestone acetate (FGA) and controlled internal drug release dispensers (CIDRs) (Motlomelo et al 2002).…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Oestrous synchronisation and pregnancy rate following artificial insemination (AI) in South African indigenous goats

Ramukhithi

Nedambale

Greyling

et al. 2012

Journal of Applied Animal Research

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The study evaluated the effect of duration of progestagen treatment and breed on response to oestrous synchronisation and pregnancy rate following AI in 47 Boer and 27 unimproved indigenous goats. Each breed was subdivided into two groups, based on the duration of progestagen treatment. In the long-term progestagen treatment, controlled internal drug release dispensers (CIDRs) were inserted for 16 days, while in the short-term progestagen treatment, CIDRs were inserted for 9 days. Oestrous detection was performed for a period of 72 h, starting at CIDRs withdrawal. AI was performed 48 h following CIDRs removal with raw or frozen/thawed semen. Pregnancy diagnosis was performed at day 35 following AI. Boer goat exhibited a significantly (p B 0.05) higher oestrous response (100%) than unimproved indigenous goats (88.9%). Breed had no effect on the onset of oestrus. Boer goat does recorded a longer duration of the induced oestrous period, compared to the unimproved indigenous goats. No significant difference was observed between short or long-term progestagen, with respect to the oestrous response, onset and duration of the induced oestrous period. The pregnancy rate was not affected by breed and semen cryopreservation. However, long-term progestagen treatment drastically reduced pregnancy rate. In conclusion, breed had an effect on oestrous response and the duration of induced oestrous period. The interaction of breed and duration of progestagen treatment had no effect on response to oestrus and onset of oestrus. The pregnancy rates of the current study were generally low and were affected by the duration of progestagen treatment.

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Mortality rate of Boer, Central Highland goat and their crosses in Ethiopia: Nonparametric survival analysis and piecewise exponential model

Yitagesu

Alemnew

2022

Veterinary Medicine & Sci

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Background Analysis of survival data by linear or logistic model ignores censoring and skewness inherent in the mortality data. The objective of this study is to estimate the morbidity and mortality rates of kids and adult goats, identify important risk factors for mortality using survival analysis and summarise important causes of goat death. Methods Nonparametric survival analysis and a piecewise exponential model (PEM) were used. Results The mortality rates of kids and adult goats were 0.629 and 0.302 per animal year, respectively. The 25th, 50th and 75th percentiles of survival time of kids were 5, 162 and 1300 days, respectively, and those of adults and goats were 280, 828 and 1,735 days, respectively. Gastrointestinal‐related diseases, pneumonia, weak kid, agalactia, mismothering and heartwater (cowdriosis) were the most important causes of mortality. Constant piecewise exponential regression analysis of risk factors indicated that breed, kid birth weight, doe post‐partum weight (PPWT), birth type, birth year and precipitation variables were associated with (p‐value < 0.05) kid mortality rate. Pure Boer kids compared with Central Highland goat cross with Boer goats were 2.505 times at a higher probability of mortality (p‐value < 0.001). A 1‐kg increase in kid birth weight and dam PPWT reduces mortality probability by 32.5% (p‐value = 0.000) and 6.4% (p‐value < 0.001), respectively. Twin birth kids had a 1.512 times higher rate of mortality (p‐value = 0.001) than single‐born kids. A 1‐ml increment of 15 days of average precipitation significantly reduced kid mortality by 7.8% (p‐value < 0.001). Conclusion Vaccination, extensive control of ticks and the use of proper comfortable housing to reduce the stress of goats are recommended. Scheduling a mating programme (May to early July) to match the kidding period to the less kid mortality seasons (end of the long rainy season) of flocks is also important to reduce kid mortality.

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Reproductive performance of South African indigenous goats following oestrous synchronisation and AI

Cited by 55 publications

References 18 publications

Effect of season and age on blood minerals, liver enzyme levels, and faecal egg counts in Nguni goats of South Africa

Effect of season and age on blood minerals, liver enzyme levels, and faecal egg counts in Nguni goats of South Africa

Oestrous synchronisation and pregnancy rate following artificial insemination (AI) in South African indigenous goats

Mortality rate of Boer, Central Highland goat and their crosses in Ethiopia: Nonparametric survival analysis and piecewise exponential model

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