Reproductive Isolation in a Native Population of Petunia sensu Jussieu (Solanaceae)

Ando, Toshio; Nomura, Masashi; Tsukahara, Jun; Watanabe, Hitoshi; Kokubun, Hisashi; Tsukamoto, Tatsuya; Hashimoto, Goro; Marchesi, Eduardo; Kitching, Ian J.

doi:10.1006/anbo.2001.1485

Cited by 93 publications

(69 citation statements)

References 18 publications

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“…In Brazil, the bee Leioproctus subgen. Hexantheda was observed feeding on P. integrifolia flowers, whereas the hawk moth Manduca diffissa and Manduca contracta were observed feeding from Petunia axillaris flowers (Ando et al 2001). In Uruguay, we observed the same bee feeding on P. integrifolia flowers during the day and we observed the hawk moths M. diffissa, Manduca sexta and Eumorpha fasciata feeding on P. axillaris flowers mostly soon after sunset but also later during the night (M.E.…”

Section: Introductionsupporting

confidence: 55%

“…The two species can generally be crossed in the laboratory and produce viable hybrids (Wijsman 1983;Watanabe et al 1996;Tsukamoto et al 1998;Ando et al 2001). Although P. axillaris and P. integrifolia share the same habitats in nature (sympatric populations), hybrids have never been found.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Although P. axillaris and P. integrifolia share the same habitats in nature (sympatric populations), hybrids have never been found. It is believed that one of the major reasons for the lack of hybrids in nature is that two different insect orders pollinate the two Petunia species (Ando et al 2001). In Brazil, the bee Leioproctus subgen.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

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The composition and timing of flower odour emission by wild Petunia axillaris coincide with the antennal perception and nocturnal activity of the pollinator Manduca sexta

Hoballah

Stuurman

Turlings

et al. 2005

Planta

162

154

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The composition and timing of flower odour emission by wild Petunia axillaris coincide with the antennal perception and nocturnal activity of the pollinator Manduca sexta Abstract In the genus Petunia, distinct pollination syndromes may have evolved in association with bee-visitation (P. integrifolia spp.) or hawk moth-visitation (P. axillaris spp). We investigated the extent of congruence between floral fragrance and olfactory perception of the hawk moth Manduca sexta. Hawk moth pollinated P. axillaris releases high levels of several compounds compared to the bee-pollinated P. integrifolia that releases benzaldehyde almost exclusively. The three dominating compounds in P. axillaris were benzaldehyde, benzyl alcohol and methyl benzoate. In P. axillaris, benzenoids showed a circadian rhythm with an emission peak at night, which was absent from P. integrifolia. These characters were highly conserved among different P. axillaris subspecies and P. axillaris accessions, with some differences in fragrance composition. Electroantennogram (EAG) recordings using flower-blends of different wild Petunia species on female M. sexta antennae showed that P. axillaris odours elicited stronger responses than P. integrifolia odours. EAG responses were highest to the three dominating compounds in the P. axillaris flower odours. Further, EAG responses to odour-samples collected from P. axillaris flowers confirmed that odours collected at night evoked stronger responses from M. sexta than odours collected during the day. These results show that timing of odour emissions by P. axillaris is in tune with nocturnal hawk moth activity and that flower-volatile composition is adapted to the antennal perception of these pollinators.

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Section: Introductionsupporting

confidence: 55%

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

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The composition and timing of flower odour emission by wild Petunia axillaris coincide with the antennal perception and nocturnal activity of the pollinator Manduca sexta

Hoballah

Stuurman

Turlings

et al. 2005

Planta

162

154

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“…For instance, related species with phenotypically dissimilar flowers, Clarkia breweri and C. concinna, produce different scents because they depend on different insects for pollination (Raguso and Pichersky, 1995). Also, Petunia integrifolia, a violetflowering species with small, broad flowers lacking strong scent, is visited by bees during the day, whereas P. axillaris, a whiteflowering species with slender flowers, which is visited by hawk moths (Manduca contracta and M. diffusa subsp petuniae) at night, starts producing a strong scent at dusk (Ando et al, 2001). …”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

ODORANT1Regulates Fragrance Biosynthesis in Petunia Flowers

et al. 2005

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Floral scent is important to plant reproduction because it attracts pollinators to the sexual organs. Therefore, volatile emission is usually tuned to the foraging activity of the pollinators. In Petunia hybrida, volatile benzenoids determine the floral aroma. Although the pathways for benzenoid biosynthesis have been characterized, the enzymes involved are less well understood. How production and emission are regulated is unknown. By targeted transcriptome analyses, we identified ODORANT1 (ODO1), a member of the R2R3-type MYB family, as a candidate for the regulation of volatile benzenoids in Petunia hybrida cv W115 (Mitchell) flowers. These flowers are only fragrant in the evening and at night. Transcript levels of ODO1 increased before the onset of volatile emission and decreased when volatile emission declined. Downregulation of ODO1 in transgenic P. hybrida Mitchell plants strongly reduced volatile benzenoid levels through decreased synthesis of precursors from the shikimate pathway. The transcript levels of several genes in this pathway were reduced by suppression of ODO1 expression. Moreover, ODO1 could activate the promoter of the 5-enol-pyruvylshikimate-3-phosphate synthase gene. Flower pigmentation, which is furnished from the same shikimate precursors, was not influenced because color and scent biosynthesis occur at different developmental stages. Our studies identify ODO1 as a key regulator of floral scent biosynthesis.

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“…We used two natural populations of Petunia axillaris that during our experiments differed in size, density, and frequency of co-occurring plants that are hawkmoth-pollinated like P. axillaris (Ando et al 2001). We collected two measures of pollinator discriminative behaviour: first choice between ''with nectar'' and ''no nectar'' P. axillaris, and the visitation rate.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Variable responses of hawkmoths to nectar-depleted plants in two native Petunia axillaris (Solanaceae) populations

Brandenburg

Bshary

2011

Arthropod-Plant Interactions

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Pollination success of deceptive orchids is affected by the density and distribution of nectar providing plant species and overall plant density. Here we extended the framework of how plant density can affect pollination to examine how it may promote the success of plant intraspecific cheaters. We compared hawkmoth behaviour in two native populations of Petunia axillaris, where we simultaneously offered rewarding and manually depleted P. axillaris. We asked whether pollinator foraging strategies change as a function of plant density and whether such changes may differentially affect nectarless plants. We observed the first choice and number of flowers visited by pollinators and found that in the dense population, pollinators visited more flowers on rewarding plants than on nectar-depleted plants. In the sparse population, such discrimination was absent. As we found no differences in nectar volume between plants of the two populations, the observed differences in plant density may be temporal. We reason that if differences were more permanent, an equivalent of the remote habitat hypothesis prevails: in a sparse population, cheating plants benefit from the absence of inter-and intraspecific competitors because pollinators tend to visit all potential resources. In a denser population, a pollinator's optimal foraging strategy involves more selectivity. This would cause between-plant competition for pollinators in a pollinator-limited context, which applies to most hawkmoth-pollinated systems. We propose that nectar-provisioning of plants can be density-dependant, with cheaters able to persist in low density areas.

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Reproductive Isolation in a Native Population of Petunia sensu Jussieu (Solanaceae)

Cited by 93 publications

References 18 publications

The composition and timing of flower odour emission by wild Petunia axillaris coincide with the antennal perception and nocturnal activity of the pollinator Manduca sexta

The composition and timing of flower odour emission by wild Petunia axillaris coincide with the antennal perception and nocturnal activity of the pollinator Manduca sexta

ODORANT1Regulates Fragrance Biosynthesis in Petunia Flowers

Variable responses of hawkmoths to nectar-depleted plants in two native Petunia axillaris (Solanaceae) populations

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