Reproductive hormone increases in response to acute exercise in men

Cumming, David C.; Brunsting, Louis A.; Strich, Gideon; Ries, Andrew L.; Rebar, Robert W.

doi:10.1249/00005768-198608000-00001

Cited by 132 publications

(69 citation statements)

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“…The decrease in testosterone levels in race horses compared to stallions may refered to the use of castrated horses for racing to facilitate controlling them and this testosterone originated from their adrenals. Moreover, chronic stress decreases testosterone production but acute stressors have a much less predictable influence on testosterone concentrations, with authors reporting no changes, 28 decreases 29 or even increases 30 in testosterone. The manner in which an organism reacts to stress is not only influenced by the type, duration and intensity of the stressor; it also depends on the presence of circulating sexual steroid hormones.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Stress and its effects on horses reproduction

AboEl-Maaty

2011

Vet Sci Develop

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A total of 90 mares and horses were subjected to blood sampling for determining the effect of management (farm), reproductive condition, sex, age, breed and month of the year during breeding on circulating levels of cortisol and sex hormones. Blood samples were collected from December to the following June from four farms. Blood sera underwent testosterone, estradiol, progesterone and cortisol assaying using ELISA kits. Cortisol levels were significantly low in lactating mares during their foal heat but significantly high levels were recorded in both repeat breeder mares and horses used for racing. High and significant testosterone and estradiol levels were recorded in both stallions used for breeding especially after semen collection and early pregnant mares. Similar testosterone levels were recorded in both early pregnant mares and racing horses but high levels were recorded in stallions. Estradiol was high in both early pregnant and mares with endometritis but the highest levels were observed in stallions. Horses held in private farms had high cortisol levels compared to those of governmental farms. In contrast to mares, horses had low cortisol and high estradiol levels. Cortisol levels were high from April to June (Spring and early summer) compared to its levels from December to March (Winter). Arab horses had low cortisol compared to native and imported foreign breeds. In conclusion, environmental condition, exercise, breed, management and the purpose of raising horses all are affecting its cortisol levels.

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Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Stress and its effects on horses reproduction

AboEl-Maaty

2011

Vet Sci Develop

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“…However, studies have shown that LH levels remain unchanged after exercise [23 -25]. In contrast, Cumming et al [26] found increase in LH after exercise. Kraemer [27] measured the serum testosterone levels before, during, and after heavy exercise and found that circulating testosterone levels significantly increased in men, but not in women.…”

Section: Testosterone/cortisol Ratio and The Stress Systemmentioning

confidence: 99%

Use of the Testosterone/Cortisol Ratio Variable in Sports

Luccia¹

2016

TOSSJ

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Abstract:This critical review discusses the use of the testosterone/cortisol ratio in the studies of athletic performance and sports physiology. Although in most of the time physical exercise is beneficial to health, it can also be seen as a "stressor" both in men and in women. It is not completely known at what level this "physical stress" ends up its beneficial effects and begins to impair health status. In search for this putative turning point, several markers have been put forward in the last decades. One of these markers is the ratio between testosterone, considered as an anabolic hormone, and cortisol, considered as a catabolic one. Whether in search for an anabolic internal environment for strength training or to avoid performance decline during aerobic workout, the testosterone/cortisol ratio has been considered as an important physiological variable to gauge individual conditioning and responses.

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“…In contrast, short-term, anabolic exercise often causes acute increases in testosterone levels (Cumming et al, 1986(Cumming et al, , 1987Hackney et al, 1995). Moreover, nutritional supplementation in conjunction with anabolic exercise augments androgen rises in healthy men (Chandler et al, 1994).…”

Section: Energetic Expenditurementioning

confidence: 99%

Reproductive ecology and life history of the human male

Bribiescas

2001

Am. J. Phys. Anthropol.

210

117

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Until recently, the reproductive ecology of human males has not been extensively investigated, primarily as a result of the need for a theoretical framework based on the reproductive constraints and energetics of mammalian males. More specifically, male reproductive ecology has necessitated an integrative interpretation of clinical and anthropological data based on the premise that the evolution of human male life histories has involved selection for physiological mechanisms aimed at optimizing trade-offs between survivorship and reproductive effort. This paper attempts to address this gap in our understanding by presenting the current state of male reproductive ecology, including physiologic data from clinical and anthropological investigations as well as recent theoretical developments. Recent investigations outlining population variation in reproductive endocrine function are discussed within the context of potential sources of variation, including energetic expediture, caloric intake, and developmental canalization during adolescence. Additional summaries of male senescence and behavior are presented to provide a complete overview of male life history. Implications of recent anthropological data on contemporary health issues such as prostate cancer and the development of a male contraceptive are also discussed. Finally, several theories are presented that may contribute to our understanding of the evolution of male life histories and reproductive ecology, including theoretical suggestions involving the role of competition, mate choosiness, and potential constraints on male insemination ability, as well as a theory suggesting that male reproductive ecology may be best understood by analyzing energetic allocation decisions between differing somatic tissues that may be indicative of the competing needs for optimizing survivorship and reproductive effort. Directions for future research are finally considered.

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Reproductive hormone increases in response to acute exercise in men

Cited by 132 publications

References 0 publications

Stress and its effects on horses reproduction

Stress and its effects on horses reproduction

Use of the Testosterone/Cortisol Ratio Variable in Sports

Reproductive ecology and life history of the human male

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