Reproductive health in humans and wildlife: are adverse trends associated with environmental chemical exposure?

Harrison, Paul; Holmes, Philip V.; Humfrey, Charles

doi:10.1016/s0048-9697(97)00212-x

Cited by 182 publications

(90 citation statements)

References 51 publications

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“…The source of the city's drinking water is surface water from the river. The possible relationship of hypospadias with dieldrin, which is an endocrine disruptor substance, is of increasing scientific interest (104,173).…”

Section: Epidemiologymentioning

confidence: 99%

Aldrin and dieldrin: a review of research on their production, environmental deposition and fate, bioaccumulation, toxicology, and epidemiology in the United States.

Jorgenson¹

2001

Environ Health Perspect

124

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In the last decade four international agreements have focused on a group of chemical substances known as persistent organic pollutants (POPs). Global agreement on the reduction and eventual elimination of these substances by banning their production and trade is a long-term goal. Negotiations for these agreements have focused on the need to correlate data from scientists working on soil and water sampling and air pollution monitoring. Toxicologists and epidemiologists have focused on wildlife and human health effects and understanding patterns of disease requires better access to these data. In the last 20 years, substantial databases have been created and now are becoming available on the Internet. This review is a detailed examination of 2 of the 12 POPs, aldrin and dieldrin, and how scientific groups identify and measure their effects. It draws on research findings from a variety of environmental monitoring networks in the United States. An overview of the ecologic and health effects of aldrin and dieldrin provides examples of how to streamline some of the programs and improve access to mutually useful scientific data. The research groups are located in many government departments, universities, and private organizations. Identifying databases can provide an "information accelerator" useful to a larger audience and can help build better plant and animal research models across scientific fields.

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Section: Epidemiologymentioning

confidence: 99%

Aldrin and dieldrin: a review of research on their production, environmental deposition and fate, bioaccumulation, toxicology, and epidemiology in the United States.

Jorgenson¹

2001

Environ Health Perspect

124

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“…Environmental pollutants have been linked to adverse male reproductive effects in wildlife species ranging from invertebrates to mammals (63). Although such reproductive outcomes have been studied most intensively in amphibians and reptiles, related male reproductive disorders occur in many other species of wildlife.…”

Section: Some Effects Of Endocrine Disruptors On Wildlifementioning

confidence: 99%

Review: Environmental endocrine disruptors of testicular function

Saalu¹,

Osinubi²

2010

Afr J Endocrinol Metab

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In the last 50 years the incidence of infertility, testicular and prostate cancers and associated maladies has increased significantly. Infertility now affects 15-20% of couples as opposed to 7-8% fifty years ago. Average sperm counts among adult men have decreased by 50% since 1938, with a decline of 2% every year from 1973. This decline in male reproductive health has been linked to an increased presence in the environment of chemical contaminants in the form of pesticides and plastics. Rapid and unplanned industrialization caused large amounts of these synthetic compounds and their by-products to be released in the environment (air, soil, water and food). Studies have shown that occupational exposure to pesticides caused neonatal deaths, congenital defects, testicular dysfunction and male infertility. Many of these chemicals found in our environment and households have oestrogenic properties ("xenoestrogens") and are toxic because they affect the endocrine system ("endocrine disruptors"). Evidence of the health hazards of endocrine disrupting chemicals continues to mount. In terms of male fertility, it now seems that these ubiquitous chemicals are a significant threat at various stages, from testicular development to sperm production to the functionality of healthy sperm. This class of chemicals appears to be threatening male fertility on several fronts. That endocrine disruptors abound in our environment is not in doubt. Clinicians and other health practitioners confronted with the challenges of managing male infertility should attempt to identify the aetiology of a possible exposure to endocrine disruptors, and initiate a plan to control and prevent exposure to others. In addition, concerted efforts should be made by both government and non-governmental agencies to institute local studies that will assess local endocrine disruptors, degree of contamination, level of exposure and proffer control and preventive measures. Emphasis should be placed on establishment of chemical screening and testing program, research into dose and vulnerable periods, institution of surveillance of disease incidence, improvement of exposure monitoring, and educating community leaders and the public in general.

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“…The focus of much of this research has been on endocrine disrupting chemicals (EDCs) that are suspected of influencing the reproductive system of wild life and humans [1][2][3][4][5]. Among the natural estrogens and estrogen mimicking chemicals, E2…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

New fluorometric enzyme immunoassay for 17β-estradiol by homogeneous reaction using biotinylated estradiol

Matsumoto

Kuramitz

Itoh

et al. 2006

Talanta

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A new fluorometric enzyme immunoassay for 17β-estradiol (E2) using biotinylated estradiol (BE) as a probe ligand, is described. In this method, E2 is detected indirectly by a solid-phase avidin-biotin binding assay, in which the biotin is immobilized on a microtiter plate (biotin-plate). After the competitive reaction between E2 and BE for the anti-E2 antibody in solution, the free E2 and BE are separated from the bound forms by means of ultrafiltration. The concentration of BE in the solution is determined from the reaction between the biotin immobilized on the plate and the free BE for the limited biotin binding sites of avidin conjugated with horseradish peroxidase (avidin-HRP), which is added to the solution. The enzymatic reaction of HRP was measured by a fluorometric analysis with the QuantaBlu TM Fluorogenic Peroxidase Substrate (QFPS) in order to detect of the avidin-biotin binding with a high degree of sensitivity. The detection limit and linear range for the determination of E2 were 0.12 nM and from 0.12 to 25 nM, respectively. The relative standard deviations (RSD) for the E2 assay were between 2.2 and 9.1% (n = 3). The cross-reactivity for several other estrogens was also evaluated.

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Reproductive health in humans and wildlife: are adverse trends associated with environmental chemical exposure?

Cited by 182 publications

References 51 publications

Aldrin and dieldrin: a review of research on their production, environmental deposition and fate, bioaccumulation, toxicology, and epidemiology in the United States.

Aldrin and dieldrin: a review of research on their production, environmental deposition and fate, bioaccumulation, toxicology, and epidemiology in the United States.

Review: Environmental endocrine disruptors of testicular function

New fluorometric enzyme immunoassay for 17β-estradiol by homogeneous reaction using biotinylated estradiol

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