Reproductive Development in Grain Crops during Drought

Saini, Harvinder Singh; Westgate, Mark E.

doi:10.1016/s0065-2113(08)60843-3

Cited by 499 publications

(391 citation statements)

References 185 publications

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“…Saini and Westgate [22] reviewed the effects of drought on reproductive development of cereals and concluded that meiosis in the pollen mother cells during inflorescence development is the process affected during the sensitive boot stage. Drought at this stage leads to pollen sterility and lower yield through reduced seed set.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Yield enhancement of droughted wheat by film antitranspirant application: rationale and evidence

Kettlewell¹,

Heath²,

Haigh³

2010

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Extensive research in the 20 th century explored the potential for mitigation of drought by applying polymers (film antitranspirants) to leaves to reduce water loss. It was concluded that film antitranspirants are of limited usefulness, since the polymers reduced photosynthesis (in addition to transpiration) and this was assumed to be detrimental to growth and yield. We propose, however, that irrespective of reduced assimilate availability from photosynthesis, the most drought sensitive stage of yield formation in wheat may respond positively to antitranspirant application. Six field experiments involved applying the film antitranspirant di-1-p-menthene at five development stages and 10 soil moisture deficits (SMD) in total over three years. Yield was reduced when the film antitranspirant was applied at development stages less-sensitive to drought, from inflorescence emergence to anthesis, consistent with the conclusions from previous research. In contrast, yield was increased when the film antitranspirant was applied at flag leaf stage, just before the stage most sensitive to drought (boot stage). These results show that film antitranspirant has the potential to mitigate drought effects on yield of wheat.

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Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Yield enhancement of droughted wheat by film antitranspirant application: rationale and evidence

Kettlewell¹,

Heath²,

Haigh³

2010

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“…The 75% deficit level gave the lowest number of seeds per pod that was reduced by 48.3% compared to the 0% deficit (control). This might be due to the negative effect of water deficit stress on meiosis and pollen fertility as observed in many cereals [33]. As indicated by [34], during meiosis cells are extremely sensitive to moisture content, and drought at this stage will cause pollen sterility.…”

Section: Seeds Per Podmentioning

confidence: 99%

Influence of Soil Water Deficit and Phosphorus Application on Phosphorus Uptake and Yield of Soybean (<i>Glycine max</i> L.) at Dejen, North-West Ethiopia

Getachew¹

2014

AJPS

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A green house experiment was conducted at Dejen, Northwest Ethiopia, with the objective of quantifying the critical soil water deficit and P levels that affect yield and yield components of soybean, and determine the critical soil water deficit levels influencing P uptake in soybean. The treatment consisted of factorial combination of four available soil water (ASW) deficit levels (0%, 25%, 50% and 75%) and four levels of phosphorus (0, 10, 20, and 30 kg•ha −1 ) laid out in RCBD with four replications using soy bean variety Jalale as a planting material. The experiment was conducted under green house condition at Dejen, South Ethiopia during the 2011 academic year. Air dried soil was filled in the pots and seeds were sown on May 13, 2011. Four plants were maintained on each pot after thinning till flowering but after flowering, the total number of plants per pot was reduced to three as one plant which was used for measurement of root biomass. The water deficit treatments were imposed after the plants have been fully established 2 weeks after emergence just before branching stage. The water deficiency was imposed through maintaining the soil moisture content below field capacity at the deficit levels of 25%, 50% and 75%. The 75% of ASW deficit resulted in the longest days (45) to flowering and maturity (99) compared to the 0%, 25% and 50% deficit levels. Also, the 75% of ASW deficit level resulted in shorter plants (55 cm), the lowest leaf area (82.6 cm 2 ), the highest root to shoot ratio (0.0168) and the lowest DM accumulation (161.3 gm −2 ) compared to the other ASW deficit levels. Likewise, the 75% of ASW deficit level gave the lowest number of pods per plant (4.13), seeds per pod (1.69), 100 seed weight (2.54 g), seed yield (13.4 g•m −1 ), above ground biomass (174.6 g•plant −1 ) and harvest index (0.08) compared to the other ASW deficit treatments. The degree of sensitivity to drought increased dramatically (from 0.0423 at 25% to 0.9604 at 75%) with increase in water deficit level. Tissue analysis results indicated that the highest seed P concentration (1.285%) and uptake (432.5 g•plant −1 ) were ob-M. Getachew 1890 tained at the 0 ASW deficit and 30 kg•P•ha −1 and the lowest were obtained at 75% ASW deficit and all rate of applied P. On the contrary, the highest straw P concentration (1.88%) and uptake (552.7 g•plant −1 ) were recorded at 75% and 25% of ASW deficit levels and 30 kg•P•ha −1 , respectively. However, the total P uptake was influenced only by ASW deficit levels in that the relatively minimum and maximum values were observed at 75% and 0% of ASW deficit levels, respectively. It can be concluded that the critical ASW deficit levels that affect yield and yield components of soybean and uptake of total P lie between 25% and 50% of available water deficit levels. The parameters started to decline significantly from the 50% of ASW deficit onwards. As it is a green house experiment, further study on more number of ASW deficit levels and soil types under different field conditions needs to be ...

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“…In the case of winter triticale, soil drought at the heading or anthesis stage causes the greatest yield loss (Saini and Westgate 2000;Yang and Zhang 2006). Restoring favorable soil moisture conditions does not result in full recovery of the crops, as the plants are at the final growth stages.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Rapid plant rehydration initiates permanent and adverse changes in the photosynthetic apparatus of triticale

Hura

Ostrowska

et al. 2015

Plant Soil

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Background and aims The reasons for partial recovery after a soil drought are not fully understood and have not been studied so far. This study investigated the physiological and biochemical responses of triticale cultivars with differential recovery ability after soil water deficit. Methods Activity of the photosynthetic apparatus under soil drought followed by rehydration was estimated. Plant antioxidant potential was determined based on the measurement of catalase and peroxidase activity. The levels of hydrogen peroxide and superoxide radical were assessed. Results Under rehydration, the not fully-recovered cultivar experienced further significant increase in the content of H 2 O 2 and inhibited activity of the photosynthetic apparatus, as compared to the drought period. On 42 nd day of the rehydration, the not fully-recovered cultivar showed also a reduced photosynthetic activity in the flag leaves, which resulted in a significant decrease in its grain yield. The first week of a rapid rehydration involved a decrease in total peroxidase and catalase activities. The increased content of H 2 O 2 was compensated only when leaf water content was gradually restored in the first week of the rehydration and no further decrease in the activity of the photosynthetic apparatus was noticed. Conclusions A destructive effect of the rapid rehydration was manifested in an intensification of the physiological processes associated with reactive oxygen species (ROS) overproduction. An important cause of hydrogen peroxide overproduction seems to be the electron leakage due to overloading of the electron transport chain (ETC) in the PSI and PSII.

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Reproductive Development in Grain Crops during Drought

Cited by 499 publications

References 185 publications

Yield enhancement of droughted wheat by film antitranspirant application: rationale and evidence

Yield enhancement of droughted wheat by film antitranspirant application: rationale and evidence

Influence of Soil Water Deficit and Phosphorus Application on Phosphorus Uptake and Yield of Soybean (<i>Glycine max</i> L.) at Dejen, North-West Ethiopia

Rapid plant rehydration initiates permanent and adverse changes in the photosynthetic apparatus of triticale

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Reproductive Development in Grain Crops during Drought

Cited by 499 publications

References 185 publications

Yield enhancement of droughted wheat by film antitranspirant application: rationale and evidence

Yield enhancement of droughted wheat by film antitranspirant application: rationale and evidence

Influence of Soil Water Deficit and Phosphorus Application on Phosphorus Uptake and Yield of Soybean (&lt;i&gt;Glycine max&lt;/i&gt; L.) at Dejen, North-West Ethiopia

Rapid plant rehydration initiates permanent and adverse changes in the photosynthetic apparatus of triticale

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Influence of Soil Water Deficit and Phosphorus Application on Phosphorus Uptake and Yield of Soybean (<i>Glycine max</i> L.) at Dejen, North-West Ethiopia