Reproductive biology of two species of Canavalia DC. (Fabaceae)—A non-conventional wild legume

Sahai, Kanak

doi:10.1016/j.flora.2008.11.005

Cited by 5 publications

(5 citation statements)

References 26 publications

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“…We hypothesised that self‐incompatible and zoophilous plants receive more insect visits than their self‐compatible relatives, and the nectar of such species therefore might face more risk to be infested by pathogens carried by pollinators than self‐compatible plants. If so, a self‐incompatible species like C. gladiata that is visited by bees, ants, butterflies and moths (Sahai ) might be expected to have a more complex and effective defence system in nectar than a self‐compatible relative.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…DC. (Fabaceae), is an edible self‐incompatible species widely cultivated in East Asia and the tropics; a fast growing climbing annual with typical papilionaceous flowers in axillary racemes (Sahai ). It is visited by a wide range of insects, mostly moths, butterflies, ants and honeybees (Sahai ).…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…(Fabaceae), is an edible self‐incompatible species widely cultivated in East Asia and the tropics; a fast growing climbing annual with typical papilionaceous flowers in axillary racemes (Sahai ). It is visited by a wide range of insects, mostly moths, butterflies, ants and honeybees (Sahai ). The flowers on average produce 30 μl nectar per flower, which is almost ten times more than its smaller‐flowered, self‐compatible relatives Lablab purpureus and Phaseolus vulgaris (Hong‐Guang Zha, personal observation).…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Floral nectar of the obligate outcrossing Canavalia gladiata (Jacq.) DC. (Fabaceae) contains only one predominant protein, a class III acidic chitinase

Milne

Zhou

et al. 2017

Plant Biol J

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Floral nectar can affect the fitness of insect-pollinated plants, through both attraction and manipulation of pollinators. Self-incompatible insect-pollinated plants receive more insect visits than their self-compatible relatives, and the nectar of such species might face increased risk of infestation by pathogens carried by pollinators than self-compatible plants. Proteins in nectar (nectarins) play an important role in protecting the nectar, but little is known regarding nectarins in self-incompatible species. The nectarins from a self-incompatible and insect-pollinated leguminous crop, Canavalia gladiata, were separated using two-dimensional electrophoresis and analysed using mass spectrometry. The predominant nectarin gene was cloned and the gene expression pattern investigated using quantitative real-time PCR. Chitinolytic activity in the nectar was tested with different substrates. The C. gladiata nectar proteome only has one predominant nectarin, an acidic class III chitinase (CaChi3). The full-length CaChi3 gene was cloned, coding for a protein of 298 amino acids with a predicted signal peptide. CaChi3 is very similar to members of the class III chitinase family, whose evolution is dominated by purifying selection. CaChi3 was expressed in both nectary and leaves. CaChi3 has thermostable chitinolytic activity according to glycol-chitin zymography or a fluorogenic substratem but has no lysozyme activity. Chitinase might be a critical protein component in nectar. The extremely simple nectar proteome in C. gladiata disproves the hypothesis that self-incompatible species always have more complex nectar proteomes. Accessibility of nectar might be a significant determinant of the evolutionary pressure to develop nectar defence mechanisms.

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Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Floral nectar of the obligate outcrossing Canavalia gladiata (Jacq.) DC. (Fabaceae) contains only one predominant protein, a class III acidic chitinase

Milne

Zhou

et al. 2017

Plant Biol J

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“…; Etcheverry et al . ; Sahai ; Basso‐Alves et al . ), is associated with ‘tripping’ pollination, where mechanical pollinator action is needed to break down the cuticle, allowing pollen grain adhesion and germination (Frankel & Galum ).…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Selfpollination is also hindered by the presence of a stigmatic cuticle that prevents early pollen germination on the stigma before anthesis (Speroni et al 2012). This feature, common in entomophilous and self-compatible legumes (Heslop-Harrison & Heslop-Harrison 1983;Small 1986;Bruneau & Anderson 1988;De las Heras et al 2001;Galloni et al 2007;Etcheverry et al 2008;Sahai 2009;Basso-Alves et al 2011), is associated with 'tripping' pollination, where mechanical pollinator action is needed to break down the cuticle, allowing pollen grain adhesion and germination (Frankel & Galum 1977). Therefore, T. polymorphum aerial flowers present a mixed mating system (MMS), the most common system found in flowering plants (ca.…”

Section: Trifolium Polymorphum Mating System and Reproductive Strategiesmentioning

confidence: 99%

Reproductive versatility in legumes: the case of amphicarpy in Trifolium polymorphum

et al. 2013

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Amphicarpy is a fascinating reproductive strategy, defined as fruit produced both below the soil surface and as aerial fruit on the same plant. Trifolium polymorphum is a grassland species subject to herbivory that combines amphicarpy with vegetative reproduction through stolons. Underground flowers have been described as obligate autogamous and aerial ones as self-compatible allogamous, with aerial floral traits favouring cross-pollination. In the present work we performed different pollination treatments on aerial flowers to analyse rates of pollen tube development and offspring fitness, measured as fruit set, seed production and germination percentage. This last variable was compared to that of seeds produced underground. No significant differences were found between fruit set in self- and cross-pollinations. Seed production was higher in self-pollinations, which is consistent with the higher rate of pollen tube development observed in self-crosses. Spontaneous self-pollination is limited in aerial flowers; thus pollen transfer by means of a vector is required even within the same flower. Germination tests showed that aerial seeds produced after self- and cross-pollination did not differ in fitness, but underground seeds had higher germination percentage than aerial ones. Thus, we conclude that T. polymorphum has a mixed mating system. In grasslands with heavy grazing pressure, clonal propagation and underground seed production ensure persistence in the field. An intermediate level of selfing in aerial flowers ensures offspring, but morphological (herkogamy) and functional (dicogamy) floral traits maintain a window to incorporate genetic variability, allowing the species to tolerate temporal and spatial pressures.

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Stigma Diversity in Tropical Legumes with Considerations on Stigma Classification

et al. 2014

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Reproductive biology of two species of Canavalia DC. (Fabaceae)—A non-conventional wild legume

Cited by 5 publications

References 26 publications

Floral nectar of the obligate outcrossing Canavalia gladiata (Jacq.) DC. (Fabaceae) contains only one predominant protein, a class III acidic chitinase

Floral nectar of the obligate outcrossing Canavalia gladiata (Jacq.) DC. (Fabaceae) contains only one predominant protein, a class III acidic chitinase

Reproductive versatility in legumes: the case of amphicarpy in Trifolium polymorphum

Stigma Diversity in Tropical Legumes with Considerations on Stigma Classification

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