“…Spontaneous spawning of cultured individuals is still unsolved at a commercial scale in Solea senegalensis, and only small and/or infrequent viable spawns have been obtained with cultured individuals (Fatsini Fernandez, 2017) or housing wild males with cultured females (Mañanos et al, 2007;Martín et al, 2019). Moreover, despite the advances registered in the artificial reproduction of the species (Rasines et al, 2012;Rasines et al, 2013), more reliable protocols are needed to achieve full control of the reproduction by artificial fertilization.…”