Reproduction, growth and mortality of the common bully, <i>Gobiomorphus cotidianus</i> McDowall, in a eutrophic New Zealand lake

Stephens, R. T. Theo

doi:10.1111/j.1095-8649.1982.tb04707.x

Cited by 32 publications

(35 citation statements)

References 4 publications

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“…The increase in predation may have been caused by the reproductive behaviour of the bullies. In Lake Waahi the common bully breeds in spring and summer with peaks of spawning activity in August, November, and February in decreasing order of importance (Stephens 1982). Fish eggs found in trout stomachs in August in this study were probably bully eggs.…”

Section: Dietmentioning

confidence: 49%

“…Male bullies prepare a nest on any solid substrate raised above the bottom in the shallow littoral areas of the lake (Stephens 1982) and guard this site, probably until the eggs hatch (McDowall 1978). During this period the males are strongly territorial and will defend their territory by attacking other bullies and, by repute, fish larger than themselves.…”

Section: Dietmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Food and energy in the diet of brown and rainbow trout from Lake Benmore, New Zealand

McCarter¹

1986

New Zealand Journal of Marine and Freshwater Research

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The diet of brown trout (Salmo trutta) and rainbow trout (S. gairdnerii) was studied in specimens from Lake Benmore, a deep, oligotrophic lake in South Island, New Zealand. Between November and July, both species fed mainly on small molluscs (Potamopyrgus antipodarum, Physa sp., and Gyraulus corinna) gleaned from the littoral weed beds. Energy values for the three species of mollusc were determined: P. antipodarum, 6000 J g -1 ; G. corinna, 5500 J g -1 ; Physa sp., 9800 J g -1 . Potamopyrgus antipodarum yielded little energy to the fish, unless its shell broke during passage through the gut. Physa sp. was the most profitable mollusc, irrespective of shell breakage and Potamopyrgus antipodanim the least profitable. The mean energy value per snail for G. corinna and Physa sp. eaten by rainbow trout was 25-30% less than for snails eaten by brown trout, possibly because rainbow trout ingested empty shells from the sediment surface. Rainbow trout extracted about 20% more energy than brown trout from unbroken shells. In July, 84% of the brown trout switched to predation of common bullies, Gobiomorphus cotidianus, probably as a result of bully reproductive behaviour. Rainbow trout did not show the same change, apparently because they were feeding in deeper water where few bullies were available. The low-energy diet and its possible connection with growth rate are discussed.

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Section: Dietmentioning

confidence: 49%

Section: Dietmentioning

confidence: 99%

Food and energy in the diet of brown and rainbow trout from Lake Benmore, New Zealand

McCarter¹

1986

New Zealand Journal of Marine and Freshwater Research

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“…Although scales were used successfully to age G. breviceps (Staples 1975) and G. cotidianus (Stephens 1982), in the present study they gave ages that were generally greater than otolith ages. Further uncertainty about the suitability of scales for ageing came from consideration of the resulting growth trajectory that was almost linear and gave an estimated length of age class 1 fish of only 27 mm.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 86%

“…For instance, a recent study of spawning in the upland bully (McDowall & Eldon 1997) recorded up to nine spawnings per year, whereas the presence of two or more size modes of developing oocytes in ovaries of redfinned, upland and common bullies (McDowall 1965a, Staples 1975, Stephens 1982) is also consistent with multiple spawnings per year. Likewise, McDowall ( 1990) assumed that dual recruitment periods for juvenile bluegilled bullies signified dual spawnings.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 91%

“…In contrast, the average length of common bullies from the Kakanui estuary was c. 60 mm during spring when they can be expected to be 1 year of age . The tendency of scale ages to exceed otolith ages could be explained by the observation of Stephens (1982) that scale rings in common bullies were laid down in response to spawning and environmental stress as well as age. Given the small increments in length between adjacent age classes (Fig.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Age, growth, and movements of giant bullies(Gobiomorphus gobioides)in the Kakanui River estuary, South Island, New Zealand

Jellyman¹,

Sagar

Glova

et al. 2000

New Zealand Journal of Marine and Freshwater Research

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The giant bully, Gobiomorphus gobioides (Valenciennes), is widespread throughout New Zealand, but remains one of our least known freshwater fish. During a study of seasonal fish abundance and movements in the Kakanui River estuary, South Island, New Zealand, giant bullies captured mainly in fyke nets were measured and tagged. Growth rates and movements were calculated for the 19 fish recaptured. Growth rates corresponded with mean growth rates back-calculated from otolithsscales were considered to overestimate age, and no age classes were evident from length-frequency distributions. Seasonal changes in condition were associated with spawning during spring-summer.

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Effects of elevated turbidity on shallow lake fish communities

Hayes¹,

Rutledge²,

Chisnall³

et al. 1992

Environ Biol Fish

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SynopsisWe compared the fish communities of two shallow lakes in the lower Waikato River basin, North Island, New Zealand, to determine the effects of elevated suspended solids (SS) and collapse of submerged macrophytes. Lake Waahi was turbid (20-40 g me3 SS) and devoid of submerged macrophytes whereas Lake Whangape was clearer (5 g me3 SS) and dominated by submerged macrophytes. The lakes had similar fish species richness and had nine major species in common; representing eight families including Anguillidae, Retropinnidae, Galaxiidae, Eleotridae, Mugilidae, Ictaluridae, Poeciliidae, and Cyprinidae (two species). The only major fish that was absent from Lake Waahi was a lacustrine form of the common smelt, Retropinna retropinna, which disappeared after the lake became turbid in the late 1970s. CPUE, condition, and size of most species in Lake Waahi were similar to, or greater than, those in Lake Whangape. Lake Whangape clearly exceeded Lake Waahi only for CPUE of two species. Within Lake Whangape two species displayed significantly greater condition, and one species greater size, in a turbid arm of the lake than in the main basin. Apart from lacustrine Retropinna retropinna, the fish in these lakes appear well adapted to cope with, or to avoid, the direct toxic effects of suspended and settleable solids on sensitive early developmental stages. In Lake Waahi loss of cover and food provided by submerged macrophytes appears to have been compensated for by increased turbidity and an associated increase in the biomass of the mysid, Tenagomysis chiltoni (a major prey item).

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Reproduction, growth and mortality of the common bully, Gobiomorphus cotidianus McDowall, in a eutrophic New Zealand lake

Cited by 32 publications

References 4 publications

Food and energy in the diet of brown and rainbow trout from Lake Benmore, New Zealand

Food and energy in the diet of brown and rainbow trout from Lake Benmore, New Zealand

Age, growth, and movements of giant bullies(Gobiomorphus gobioides)in the Kakanui River estuary, South Island, New Zealand

Effects of elevated turbidity on shallow lake fish communities

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