Reproduction and larval development of the spioniform Polychaeta with application to systematics and phylogeny

Blake, James A.; Arnofsky, Pamela L.

doi:10.1007/978-94-017-2887-4_4

Cited by 86 publications

(163 citation statements)

References 49 publications

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“…Furthermore, the success of pests may be related to their life history strategies; polydorids usually have high fecundity, with some species producing > 5000 planktotrophic larvae per brood, and an average of approx. 2574 (Blake 1969a, Blake & Arnofsky 1999 which may result in high propagule pressure. However, not all worms that become established on farms become pests (e.g.…”

Section: Larval Developmental Modesmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Polydorids lay their eggs in capsules brooded in the maternal burrows, but species differ with respect to the size, number and feeding mode of larvae produced; females may produce many planktotrophic larvae, few adelphophagic larvae which feed on unfertilised nurse eggs in the brood capsules, or few lecithotrophic larvae which are nourished by endogenous yolk (Gibson 1997, Blake & Arnofsky 1999, Blake 2006. Planktotrophic larvae usually emerge from the maternal burrow when 3 to 8 chaetigers long, while adelphophagic and lecitho trophic larvae emerge when 5 to 19 chaetigers long (Blake 1969a, Blake & Arnofsky 1999.…”

Section: Larval Developmental Modesmentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Larval Developmental Modesmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Planktotrophic larvae usually emerge from the maternal burrow when 3 to 8 chaetigers long, while adelphophagic and lecitho trophic larvae emerge when 5 to 19 chaetigers long (Blake 1969a, Blake & Arnofsky 1999. Some species are poecilogonous, thus producing different types of larvae as described above, either by the same individual, or different individuals within the same population (Gibson 1997, Blake & Arnofsky 1999, Blake 2006. However, irrespective of the size at emergence from the maternal burrow, the larvae of most species metamorphose when they are 15 to 20 chaetigers and 900 to 1600 µm long (Blake & Arnofsky 1999, David & Simon 2014.…”

Section: Larval Developmental Modesmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Some species are poecilogonous, thus producing different types of larvae as described above, either by the same individual, or different individuals within the same population (Gibson 1997, Blake & Arnofsky 1999, Blake 2006. However, irrespective of the size at emergence from the maternal burrow, the larvae of most species metamorphose when they are 15 to 20 chaetigers and 900 to 1600 µm long (Blake & Arnofsky 1999, David & Simon 2014. This also coincides with the size at which larvae usually become too heavy to swim actively and sink in preparation for settlement (Hansen et al 2010).…”

Section: Larval Developmental Modesmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Polydorid polychaetes on farmed molluscs: distribution, spread and factors contributing to their success

Simon¹,

Sato-Okoshi²

2015

Aquacult. Environ. Interact.

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Species of the Polydora-complex (i.e. polydorids) are the most common shell-boring polychaetes found on cultured molluscs. However, which species become problematic depend on their ability to reach mollusc farms and flourish under culture conditions. We therefore hypothesise that the planktonic larval phases of pest polydorids on molluscs grown on-shore will be short (as is typical of adelphophagic larvae, which can maintain large local populations) while those of polydorids on molluscs grown off-shore will be long (as is typical of planktotrophic larvae, which can disperse long distances to farms). Principal component and discriminant analyses of information extracted from the literature partly supported this hypothesis by identifying larval developmental mode and pest species as contributing more to pest status than host species and culture mode, with differential influence on pest status in different situations and potential bias through incorrect identification of polydorid species. χ 2 analyses confirmed that pest status depended on host culture method and pest larval mode. Pest polydorids producing adelphophagic larvae in on-shore systems may reflect the development of large local populations on hosts with culture periods > 2 yr. The many records of pests in off-shore and near-shore systems with pest species producing planktotrophic larvae may reflect shorter host culture periods and the higher incidence of planktotrophy among polydorid species in general. Polydora websteri, P. uncinata, P. hoplura and P. haswelli are the most frequently recorded and widespread pest species globally, although the taxonomy of these and shell-boring P. ciliata and Boccardia polybranchia need to be clarified. The positive relationships between the numbers of alien shell-borers and pests, and the number of hosts cultured per country confirm that mollusc aquaculture is an important vector and reservoir of alien pest polychaetes.

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Section: Larval Developmental Modesmentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Larval Developmental Modesmentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Larval Developmental Modesmentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Larval Developmental Modesmentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Larval Developmental Modesmentioning

confidence: 99%

See 3 more Smart Citations

Polydorid polychaetes on farmed molluscs: distribution, spread and factors contributing to their success

Simon¹,

Sato-Okoshi²

2015

Aquacult. Environ. Interact.

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Phylogenetic analysis of cryptic speciation in the polychaete Pygospio elegans

Kesäniemi

Rawson

Lindsay

et al. 2012

Ecology and Evolution

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Development in marine invertebrate species can take place through a variety of modes and larval forms, but within a species, developmental mode is typically uniform. Poecilogony refers to the presence of more than one mode of development within a single species. True poecilogony is rare, however, and in some cases, apparent poecilogony is actually the result of variation in development mode among recently diverged cryptic species. We used a phylogenetic approach to examine whether poecilogony in the marine polychaete worm, Pygospio elegans, is the result of cryptic speciation. Populations of worms identified as P. elegansooded, and intermediate larvae; these modes are found both within and among populations. We examined sequence variation among partial mitochondrial cytochrome c oxidase subunit I sequences obtained for 279 individual worms sampled across broad geographic and environmental scales. Despite a large number of unique haplotypes (121 haplotypes from 279 individuals), sequence divergence among European samples was low (1.7%) with most of the sequence variation observed within populations, relative to the variation among regions. More importantly, we observed common haplotypes that were widespread among the populations we sampled, and the two most common haplotypes were shared between populations differing in developmental mode. Thus, our results support an earlier conclusion of poecilogony in P elegans. In addition, predominantly planktonic populations had a larger number of population-specific low-frequency haplotypes. This finding is largely consistent with interspecies comparisons showing high diversity for species with planktonic developmental modes in contrast to low diversity in species with brooded developmental modes.

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Feeding by larvae of two different developmental modes in Streblospio benedicti (Polychaeta: Spionidae)

Pernet

McArthur

2006

Mar Biol

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Reproduction and larval development of the spioniform Polychaeta with application to systematics and phylogeny

Cited by 86 publications

References 49 publications

Polydorid polychaetes on farmed molluscs: distribution, spread and factors contributing to their success

Polydorid polychaetes on farmed molluscs: distribution, spread and factors contributing to their success

Phylogenetic analysis of cryptic speciation in the polychaete Pygospio elegans

Feeding by larvae of two different developmental modes in Streblospio benedicti (Polychaeta: Spionidae)

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