Reproducible and reliable general semiquantitative food frequency questionnaire for evaluating iodine intake in Chinese children

Wu, Yalan; Chen, Wen; Shen, Jun; Tan, Lei; L’Abbé, Mary R.; Pearce, Elizabeth N.; Wang, WenQiang; Tian, Xiaoxiao; Zhang, Wanqi

doi:10.1016/j.nutres.2018.04.013

Cited by 20 publications

(11 citation statements)

References 29 publications

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“…The mean absolute difference between the methods showed that the estimated iodine intake was highser from the I-FFQ, compared to the food diary and estimated iodine intake from UIC. A higher iodine intake estimated from an FFQ compared to other dietary reference methods has also been found in other studies [39, 42, 43], while in some studies FFQ have not been found to overestimate [22, 34, 40]. There could be several reasons of why the I-FFQ estimated a higher iodine intake compared to the food diary.…”

Section: Discussionsupporting

confidence: 62%

Validation and reproducibility of a new iodine specific food frequency questionnaire for assessing iodine intake in Norwegian pregnant women

Næss

Aakre

Kjellevold

et al. 2019

Nutr J

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BackgroundIodized salt is not mandatory in Norway, and the permitted level of iodine in table salt is low (5 μg/g). Thus, milk and dairy products, fish and eggs are the main dietary sources of iodine in Norway. Mild-to-moderate iodine deficiency in pregnant women has been described in several European countries, including Norway. There are few validated tools available to assess iodine intake in an efficient manner. The aim of the current study was to assess the validity and reproducibility of a new iodine-specific food frequency questionnaire (I-FFQ) in Norwegian pregnant women.MethodsAn I-FFQ consisting of a total of 60 food items and the use of supplements was developed to assess iodine intake and was administrated to 137 pregnant women at gestational week 18–19. Reference methods were a structured 6-days iodine specific food diary, urinary iodine concentration (UIC) (pooled sample of spot UIC from six consecutive days), and thyroid function tests. Correlation analyses, Cohen’s weighted kappa, Bland-Altman plots, and linear regression analyses were used to assess validity. Reproducibility of the I-FFQ was assessed in a subgroup (n = 47) at gestational week 35–36.ResultsThere was a strong correlation between estimated iodine intake from the I-FFQ and food diary (r = 0.62, P < 0.001) and an acceptable correlation between the I-FFQ and UIC (r = 0.21, P = 0.018). There was no significant association between the I-FFQ and thyroid function tests. The I-FFQ estimated higher iodine intake compared to the food diary with a mean absolute difference 33 μg/day. The limits of agreement from the Bland-Altman plots were large, however few participants fell outside the limits of agreement (5.2–6.5%). There was no difference between the estimated iodine intake from the I-FFQ assessed at gestational week 18–19, and gestational week 35–36 (P = 0.866), and there was a strong correlation between the two time points (r = 0.63, P < 0.001).ConclusionIn summary, this study suggests that the I-FFQ can be used as a valid tool to estimate and rank iodine intake among Norwegian pregnant women. We further suggest that this I-FFQ may also be valid in other populations with similarly dietary patterns and where salt is not iodized.Trial registrationThe study is registered in ClinicalTrials.gov (NCT02610959).

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Section: Discussionsupporting

confidence: 62%

Validation and reproducibility of a new iodine specific food frequency questionnaire for assessing iodine intake in Norwegian pregnant women

Næss

Aakre

Kjellevold

et al. 2019

Nutr J

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“…Abnormal concentrations can cause serious harm to the human body. Iodine deficiency at critical stages of pregnancy and early childhood can lead to impaired brain development, leading to impaired mental function [4,5]. Iodized salt is the main method used to prevent iodine deficiency disorders.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Carbon Quantum Dots Prepared with Chitosan for Synthesis of CQDs/AuNPs for Iodine Ions Detection

et al. 2018

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Water-soluble and reductive carbon quantum dots (CQDs) were fabricated by the hydrothermal carbonization of chitosan. Acting as a reducing agent and stabilizer, the as-prepared CQDs were further used to synthesize gold nanoparticles (AuNPs). This synthetic process was carried out in aqueous solution, which was absolutely “green”. Furthermore, the CQDs/AuNPs composite was used to detect iodine ions by the colorimetric method. A color change from pink to colorless was observed with the constant addition of I− ions, accompanied by a decrease in the absorbance of the CQDs/AuNPs composite. According to the absorbance change, a favorable linear relationship was obtained between ΔA and I− concentration in the range of 20–140 μM and 140–400 μM. The detection limit of iodide ions, depending on the 3δ/slope, was estimated to be 2.3 μM, indicating high sensitivity to the determination of iodide. More importantly, it also showed good selectivity toward I− over other anion ions, and was used for the analysis of salt samples. Moreover, TEM results indicated that I− ions induced the aggregation of CQDs/AuNPs, resulting in changes in color and absorbance.

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“…The main sources of iodine are diet and iodised salt, and dietary iodine intake is the most direct and reliable indicator of individual iodine intake. However, most studies have demonstrated that it is difficult to accurately assess iodine intake from diet, since no valid and feasible dietary method is available (1) . FFQ tend to overestimate dietary iodine intake in individuals, while dietary records only represent dietary intake over the most recent few days (1) .…”

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confidence: 99%

Intra-individual and inter-individual variations in iodine intake and excretion in adult women: implications for sampling

et al. 2019

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Iodine intake and excretion vary widely; however, these variations remain a large source of geometric uncertainty. The present study aims to analyse variations in iodine intake and excretion and provide implications for sampling in studies of individuals or populations. Twenty-four healthy women volunteers were recruited for a 12-d sampling period during the 4-week experiment. The duplicate-portion technique was used to measure iodine intake, while 24-h urine was collected to estimate iodine excretion. The mean intra-individual variations in iodine intake, 24-h UIE (24-h urinary iodine excretion) and 24-h UIC (24-h urinary iodine concentration) were 63, 48 and 55 %, respectively, while the inter-individual variations for these parameters were 14, 24 and 32 %, respectively. For 95 % confidence, approximately 500 diet samples or 24-h urine samples should be taken from an individual to estimate their iodine intake or iodine status at a precision range of ±5%. Obtaining a precision range of ±5% in a population would require twenty-five diet samples or 150 24-h urine samples. The intra-individual variations in iodine intake and excretion were higher than the inter-individual variations, which indicates the need for more samples in a study on individual participants.

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Reproducible and reliable general semiquantitative food frequency questionnaire for evaluating iodine intake in Chinese children

Cited by 20 publications

References 29 publications

Validation and reproducibility of a new iodine specific food frequency questionnaire for assessing iodine intake in Norwegian pregnant women

Validation and reproducibility of a new iodine specific food frequency questionnaire for assessing iodine intake in Norwegian pregnant women

Carbon Quantum Dots Prepared with Chitosan for Synthesis of CQDs/AuNPs for Iodine Ions Detection

Intra-individual and inter-individual variations in iodine intake and excretion in adult women: implications for sampling

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