Reproducibility of Regional DEXA Examinations of Abdominal Fat and Lean Tissue

Tallroth, Kaj; Kettunen, Jyrki

doi:10.1159/000348238

Cited by 12 publications

(9 citation statements)

References 33 publications

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“…There were no significant differences in body weight or composition at BL 1st and BL 2nd . The ICC values ranged from 0.946 to 0.996 in the body composition measurements in the current study, which is in agreement with previous studies [ 14 ]. Thus, the results and methods are thought to be of excellent reproducibility.…”

Section: Discussionsupporting

confidence: 93%

Measurement of body composition in response to a short period of overfeeding

Sagayama

Jikumaru

Hirata

et al. 2014

J Physiol Anthropol

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BackgroundObesity and overweight are increasing in prevalence in developed countries as a result of changing dietary habits and a lack of physical activity. The purpose of the present study was to evaluate the changes in body composition during short-term overfeeding using the three-component model, which is composed of fat mass (FM), total body water (TBW), and fat-free dry solids (FFDS).MethodsTen healthy men completed 3 days of overfeeding during which they consumed 1,500 kcal/day more energy than consumed in their normal diets. Body composition was evaluated at three time points: the day before and after their normal diets and the day after the 3-day overfeeding diet.ResultsBefore and after their normal diets, there were no significant differences in body weight and composition, but after 3 days of overfeeding, body weight, TBW, and FFDS increased 0.7, 0.7, and 0.2 kg, respectively (P <0.0001). There was no significant difference in FM between the normal and overfeeding diets.ConclusionThis study suggests that TBW gain contributes to weight gain following a short-term overfeeding.

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Section: Discussionsupporting

confidence: 93%

Measurement of body composition in response to a short period of overfeeding

Sagayama

Jikumaru

Hirata

et al. 2014

J Physiol Anthropol

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“…Subjects underwent a whole body scan by dual-energy X-ray absorptiometry (Discovery W; Hologic, Bedford, MA) to assess body composition before and after RT. Total body fat, total body fat percentage, trunk fat, and lean mass were calculated using Hologic Apex System Software version 4.0.2 as previously reported (31). Height and weight were also measured.…”

Section: Clinic Visitmentioning

confidence: 99%

Are the metabolic benefits of resistance training in type 2 diabetes linked to improvements in adipose tissue microvascular blood flow?

Russell

Remash

et al. 2018

American Journal of Physiology-Endocrinology and Metabolism

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The microcirculation in adipose tissue is markedly impaired in type 2 diabetes (T2D). Resistance training (RT) often increases muscle mass and promotes a favorable metabolic profile in people with T2D, even in the absence of fat loss. Whether the metabolic benefits of RT in T2D are linked to improvements in adipose tissue microvascular blood flow is unknown. Eighteen sedentary people with T2D (7 women/11 men, 52 ± 7 yr) completed 6 wk of RT. Before and after RT, overnight-fasted participants had blood sampled for clinical chemistries (glucose, insulin, lipids, HbA1c, and proinflammatory markers) and underwent an oral glucose challenge (OGC; 50 g glucose × 2 h) and a DEXA scan to assess body composition. Adipose tissue microvascular blood volume and flow were assessed at rest and 1 h post-OGC using contrast-enhanced ultrasound. RT significantly reduced fasting blood glucose ( P = 0.006), HbA1c ( P = 0.007), 2-h glucose area under the time curve post-OGC ( P = 0.014), and homeostatic model assessment of insulin resistance ( P = 0.005). This was accompanied by a small reduction in total body fat ( P = 0.002), trunk fat ( P = 0.023), and fasting triglyceride levels ( P = 0.029). Lean mass ( P = 0.003), circulating TNF-α ( P = 0.006), and soluble VCAM-1 ( P < 0.001) increased post-RT. There were no significant changes in adipose tissue microvascular blood volume or flow following RT; however those who did have a higher baseline microvascular blood flow post-RT also had lower fasting triglyceride levels ( r = −0.476, P = 0.045). The anthropometric, glycemic, and insulin-sensitizing benefits of 6 wk of RT in people with T2D are not associated with an improvement in adipose tissue microvascular responses; however, there may be an adipose tissue microvascular-linked benefit to fasting triglyceride levels.

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“…Absorptiometry (DXA, LUNAR Prodigy, GE Medical Systems) after an overnight fast and 48 hours without training. Abdominal fat was calculated manually defining a range of interest confined cranially by the upper end plate of the first lumbar vertebra, laterally by the ribs and caudally by the iliac crest [23] at PRE. This customized range was then copied to the DXA scans at wk4 and wk16, respectively.…”

Section: Body Composition Whole Body Composition Was Estimated Beformentioning

confidence: 99%

Resistance training status modifies inflammatory response to explosive and hypertrophic resistance exercise bouts

et al. 2017

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The purpose of the present study was to examine the immediate and prolonged immune response in circulating cytokine and adipocytokine concentrations after two different resistance exercise bouts: hypertrophic (HYP1, 5 × 10, 80% of 1RM) and maximal explosive (POW1, 10 × 5, 60% of 1RM) resistance exercise bouts and how 12 weeks of resistance training (RT) modifies these responses (HYP2, POW2). Eight men completed the study. RE-induced interleukin-6 (IL-6), interleukin-1β (IL-1β), interleukin-1 receptor antagonist (IL-1ra), monocyte-chemoattractant protein-1 (MCP-1), leptin, resistin, and adiponectin were measured before (PRE) and immediately (POST0), 24 (POST24) and 48 (POST48) hours after RE bouts before and after RT. In the untrained state, IL-6 increased immediately after RE in HYP1 (p = 0.002) and in POW1 (p = 0.003) whereas no changes were observed after RT. Similar results were observed in IL-1β, whereas conversely, IL-1ra increased only after RT in HYP2 and POW2 (p < 0.05). Resistin increased before RT in HYP1 and in POW1 (p = 0.011 and p = 0.003, respectively), but after RT, significant responses were not observed. Interestingly, in HYP2, MCP-1 increased significantly at POST24 (p = 0.009) and at POST48 (p = 0.032) only following RT. The present study shows that RT modifies RE-induced cytokine responses towards an anti-inflammatory direction.

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Reproducibility of Regional DEXA Examinations of Abdominal Fat and Lean Tissue

Cited by 12 publications

References 33 publications

Measurement of body composition in response to a short period of overfeeding

Measurement of body composition in response to a short period of overfeeding

Are the metabolic benefits of resistance training in type 2 diabetes linked to improvements in adipose tissue microvascular blood flow?

Resistance training status modifies inflammatory response to explosive and hypertrophic resistance exercise bouts

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