Reproducibility of Electronic von Frey and von Frey Monofilaments Testing

Tena, Beatriz; Escobar, Bibiana; Arguís, M.J.; Cantero, Cristina; Ríos, José; Gomar, C.

doi:10.1097/ajp.0b013e31822f0092

Cited by 65 publications

(63 citation statements)

References 39 publications

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“…Researchers have thus developed several methods to improve the quality of the obtained results and reduce inter-experimenter variability 4,5,31,35 . However, the question remains whether the observed response represents complex pain perception or is just a simple spinal reflex.…”

Section: Resultsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Reactive oxygen species affect spinal cell type-specific synaptic plasticity in a model of neuropathic pain

Bittar

Jun

La³

et al. 2017

Pain

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Spinal synaptic plasticity is believed to drive central sensitization that underlies the persistent nature of neuropathic pain. Our recent data showed that synaptic plasticity in the dorsal horn is cell type-specific: intense afferent stimulation produced long-term potentiation (LTP) in excitatory spinothalamic tract neurons (STTn), whereas it produced long-term depression (LTD) in inhibitory GABAergic interneurons (GABAn). In addition, reactive oxygen species (ROS) were shown to be involved in LTP in STTn (STTn-LTP) as well as in LTD in GABAn (GABAn-LTD). This study examined the roles of two biologically important ROS—superoxide [·O2] and hydroxyl radicals [·OH]—in neuropathic mechanical hyperalgesia and cell type-specific spinal synaptic plasticity. A [·O2] donor induced stronger mechanical hyperalgesia than a [·OH] donor in naïve mice. A [·O2] scavenger showed greater anti-hyperalgesic effect than [·OH] scavengers in the spinal nerve ligation (SNL) mouse model of neuropathic pain. Moreover, a [·O2] donor induced STTn-LTP and GABAn-LTD, but a [·OH] donor induced only GABAn-LTD. In addition, a [·O2] scavenger inhibited STTn-LTP and GABAn-LTD induction (via conditioning stimulus (CS)) in naïve mice and alleviated SNL-induced potentiation and depression, respectively. Also, [·OH] scavenger selectively inhibited GABAn-LTD induction and maintenance as well as SNL-induced depression. These results indicate that mechanical hyperalgesia in SNL mice is the result of the combination of STTn-LTP and GABAn-LTD. Behavioral outcomes compliment electrophysiological results which suggest that [·O2] mediates both STTn-LTP and GABAn-LTD, whereas [·OH] is involved primarily in GABAn-LTD.

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Section: Resultsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Reactive oxygen species affect spinal cell type-specific synaptic plasticity in a model of neuropathic pain

Bittar

Jun

La³

et al. 2017

Pain

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“…22 This technique's previously reported intraobserver reliability is fair (κ = 0.4) and its reproducibility is fair to moderate (κ = 0.6), likely due to the inherent variability of a manually applied technique. 64 The pain threshold was defined as the least pressure intensity at which subjects perceived pain. The monofilament number causing the perception of pain was recorded for use during the scanning procedure.…”

Section: Methodsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Using Functional Magnetic Resonance Imaging to Determine if Cerebral Hemodynamic Responses to Pain Change Following Thoracic Spine Thrust Manipulation in Healthy Individuals

Sparks

Cleland

Elliott³

et al. 2013

J Orthop Sports Phys Ther

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[ research report ] R ecently, in the physical therapy profession con siderable attention has been devoted to exam ining the effectiveness of spinal manipulation in clinical practice. 9,15,16,24,65 The use of thrust manipulation applied to the thoracic spine has been shown to result in increased range of motion, decreased pain, and improvements in function in subgroups of individuals with mechanical neck and shoulder pain. [13][14][15][16]23,43,62,65 Biomechanical theories to explain the effects of spinal manipulation exist, yet the available data do not sufficiently explain how manipulation results in short-or long-term clinical benefits. 20,34,47,56 Researchers have attempted to identify which combination of clinical signs, symptoms, and other pertinent findings from the examination may predict a favorable response to spinal manipulation. 13,43,57 A validation study of a proposed clinical decision rule to identify patients likely to respond to thoracic manipulation found that subjects with mechanical neck pain improved with T T STUDY DESIGN: Case series. T T OBJECTIVES:To use blood oxygenation leveldependent functional magnetic resonance imaging (fMRI) to determine if supraspinal activation in response to noxious mechanical stimuli varies preand post-thrust manipulation to the thoracic spine. T T BACKGROUND:Recent studies have demonstrated the effectiveness of thoracic thrust manipulation in reducing pain and improving function in some individuals with neck and shoulder pain. However, the mechanisms by which manipulation exerts such effects remain largely unexplained. The use of fMRI in the animal model has revealed a decrease in cortical activity in response to noxious stimuli following manual joint mobilization. Supraspinal mediation contributing to hypoalgesia in humans may be triggered following spinal manipulation. T T METHODS: Ten healthy volunteers (5 women, 5men) between the ages of 23 and 48 years (mean, 31.2 years) were recruited. Subjects underwent fMRI scanning while receiving noxious stimuli applied to the cuticle of the index finger at a rate of 1 Hz for periods of 15 seconds, alternating with periods of 15 seconds without stimuli, for a total duration of 5 minutes. Subjects then received a supine thrust manipulation directed to the midthoracic spine and were immediately returned to the scanner for reimaging with a second delivery of noxious stimuli. An 11-point numeric pain rating scale was administered immediately after the application of noxious stimuli, premanipulation and postmanipulation. Blood oxygenation level-dependent fMRI recorded the cerebral hemodynamic response to the painful stimuli premanipulation and postmanipulation. T T RESULTS:The data indicated a significant reduction in subjects' perception of pain (P<.01), as well as a reduction in cerebral blood flow as measured by the blood oxygenation level-dependent response following manipulation to areas associated with the pain matrix (P<.05). There was a significant relationship between reduced activation in the insular cortex and d...

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“…1). A computer program (standalone application, JAVA) was used for area calculation Electronic von Frey 26,27 : The pressure pain threshold (pinprick hyperalgesia) was subsequently tested using an electronic von Frey device (Electronic Von Frey Anesthesiometer IITC Life Science Inc, Woodland Hills, CA) with a constant slope of increasing pressure up to the detection of the mechanical pain threshold. The threshold was defined as the lowest pressure that produced a pain sensation.…”

Section: Subjective Scalesmentioning

confidence: 99%

Perioperative Epidural or Intravenous Ketamine Does Not Improve the Effectiveness of Thoracic Epidural Analgesia for Acute and Chronic Pain After Thoracotomy

Tena

Gomar

Ríos

2014

The Clinical Journal of Pain

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Reproducibility of Electronic von Frey and von Frey Monofilaments Testing

Cited by 65 publications

References 39 publications

Reactive oxygen species affect spinal cell type-specific synaptic plasticity in a model of neuropathic pain

Reactive oxygen species affect spinal cell type-specific synaptic plasticity in a model of neuropathic pain

Using Functional Magnetic Resonance Imaging to Determine if Cerebral Hemodynamic Responses to Pain Change Following Thoracic Spine Thrust Manipulation in Healthy Individuals

Perioperative Epidural or Intravenous Ketamine Does Not Improve the Effectiveness of Thoracic Epidural Analgesia for Acute and Chronic Pain After Thoracotomy

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