Repressors vs. low- and high-anxious coping styles: EEG differences during a modified version of the emotional Stroop task

Vendemia, Jennifer M. C.; Rodriguez, Pura

doi:10.1016/j.ijpsycho.2010.09.002

Cited by 4 publications

(3 citation statements)

References 54 publications

(96 reference statements)

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“…Consistent with previous studies [5,26,27], we found that attention performance can be modified by negative words in HTA individuals in the emotional Stroop task. Singhal et al found that the P300 amplitude was larger for emotional pictures (fear and sadness) than for neutral pictures in anxious adolescents during the emotional oddball paradigm [28].…”

Section: Discussionsupporting

confidence: 92%

EEG biofeedback improves attentional bias in high trait anxiety individuals

et al. 2013

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BackgroundEmotion-related attentional bias is implicated in the aetiology and maintenance of anxiety disorders. Electroencephalogram (EEG) biofeedback can obviously improve the anxiety disorders and reduce stress level, and can also enhance attention performance in healthy subjects. The present study examined the effects and mechanisms of EEG biofeedback training on the attentional bias of high trait anxiety (HTA) individuals toward negative stimuli.ResultsEvent-related potentials were recorded while HTA (n=24) and nonanxious (n=21) individuals performed the color-word emotional Stroop task. During the emotional Stroop task, HTA participants showed longer reaction times and P300 latencies induced by negative words, compared to nonanxious participants.The EEG biofeedback significantly decreased the trait anxiety inventory score and reaction time in naming the color of negative words in the HTA group. P300 latencies evoked by negative stimuli in the EEG biofeedback group were significantly reduced after the alpha training, while no significant changes were observed in the sham biofeedback group after the intervention.ConclusionThe prolonged P300 latency is associated with attentional bias to negative stimuli in the HTA group. EEG biofeedback training demonstrated a significant improvement of negative emotional attentional bias in HTA individuals, which may be due to the normalization of P300 latency.

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Section: Discussionsupporting

confidence: 92%

EEG biofeedback improves attentional bias in high trait anxiety individuals

et al. 2013

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“…Reason for not including the article in Table 3 Benoit et al (2007) Sample consists of children and adolescents Charash & McKay (2009) Deals with disgust rather than fear/anxiety Dresler et al (2009) No anxious versus nonanxious groups Frühholz et al (2011) No anxious versus nonanxious groups Hadwin et al (2009) Sample consists of children; no straightforward between-group analyses Jansson & Lundh (2006) No straightforward between-group comparisons McKay (2005) No straightforward between-group comparisons; necessary follow-up analyses not reported Mueller-Pfeiffer et al (2010) Paradigm deviates from our description Oathes et al (2011) Paradigm deviates from our description Richards et al (2007) Sample consists of children Sveen et al (2009) No anxious versus nonanxious groups Taake et al (2009) No between-group comparisons Thomas et al (2007) No anxious versus nonanxious groups van Peer et al (2010) No anxious versus nonanxious groups Vendemia & Rodriguez (2010) Paradigm deviates from our description Vythilingam et al (2007) Paradigm deviates from our description…”

Section: Appendix Amentioning

confidence: 98%

A review of current evidence for the causal impact of attentional bias on fear and anxiety.

Bockstaele

Verschuere

Tibboel

et al. 2014

Psychological Bulletin

413

336

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Prominent cognitive theories postulate that an attentional bias toward threatening information contributes to the etiology, maintenance, or exacerbation of fear and anxiety. In this review, we investigate to what extent these causal claims are supported by sound empirical evidence. Although differences in attentional bias are associated with differences in fear and anxiety, this association does not emerge consistently. Moreover, there is only limited evidence that individual differences in attentional bias are related to individual differences in fear or anxiety. In line with a causal relation, some studies show that attentional bias precedes fear or anxiety in time. However, other studies show that fear and anxiety can precede the onset of attentional bias, suggesting circular or reciprocal causality. Importantly, a recent line of experimental research shows that changes in attentional bias can lead to changes in anxiety. Yet changes in fear and anxiety also lead to changes in attentional bias, which confirms that the relation between attentional bias and fear and anxiety is unlikely to be unidirectional. Finally, a similar causal relation between interpretation bias and anxiety has been documented. In sum, there is evidence in favor of causality, yet a strict unidirectional cause-effect model is unlikely to hold. The relation between attentional bias and fear and anxiety is best described as a bidirectional, maintaining, or mutually reinforcing relation.

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“…The similar physiological dissociation between electroencephalographic activity and behavioral responses to threatening memories in repressors has also been observed (Lorig, Singer, Bonanno, Davis, & Schwartz, 1994–1995). Furthermore, several studies (Kline & Allen, 2008; Tomarken & Davidson, 1994; Vendemia & Rodriguez, 2010) reported that repressors exhibit electroencephalographic asymmetry in the frontal region of brain during both resting and emotionally threatening tasks.…”

mentioning

confidence: 99%

Superego and the repression of affective and dream experiences.

Yu¹

2013

Dreaming

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Repressors vs. low- and high-anxious coping styles: EEG differences during a modified version of the emotional Stroop task

Cited by 4 publications

References 54 publications

EEG biofeedback improves attentional bias in high trait anxiety individuals

EEG biofeedback improves attentional bias in high trait anxiety individuals

A review of current evidence for the causal impact of attentional bias on fear and anxiety.

Superego and the repression of affective and dream experiences.

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