Representation of Visual Landmarks in Retrosplenial Cortex

Fischer, Lukas; Soto-Albors, Raul Mojica; Buck, Friederike; Harnett, Mark T.

doi:10.1101/811430

Cited by 36 publications

(69 citation statements)

References 86 publications

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“…In addition, all areas gave stronger responses during active behavior than during passive viewing. This influence may reach visual cortex through retrosplenial cortex (Makino and Komiyama, 2015), an area that contains experience-dependent spatial signals (Mao et al, 2017(Mao et al, , 2018 and is more strongly modulated by active navigation than V1 (Fischer et al, 2020). Another candidate is anterior cingulate cortex (Zhang et al, 2014), whose dense projections to V1 carry signals related to locomotion (Leinweber et al, 2017).…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Spatial modulation of visual signals arises in cortex with active navigation

Diamanti

Reddy

Schröder

et al. 2019

Preprint

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During navigation, responses in primary visual cortex (V1) are modulated by the animal's position. Here, we show that this modulation is present across multiple higher visual cortical areas but largely absent in geniculate inputs to V1. Spatial modulation is stronger during active navigation than during passive viewing. Moreover, navigation activates different neurons than classical drifting gratings, and promotes the reliability of neural responses in parietal and medial cortical areas. Fig. 1: Spatial position modulates visual activity in visual cortex but not in thalamic LGN. a. Merged confocal images of somata in V1 (Nissl staining; blue) and of LGN axonal projections expressing GCaMP (GFP; green).GCaMP expression is densest in layer IV (L4). b. Example retinotopic map of the cortical surface with recording sessions targeting (fully or partly) V1 (black squares, field of view: 500µm x 500 µm). Black contours show borders between areas. c. Same retinotopic map as in b. with recording sessions targeting (fully or partly) higher visual areas (black squares, field of view: 500µm x 500 µm). d. Head-restrained mice traversed a virtual corridor by running on a Styrofoam wheel without a specific task. The corridor had two landmarks that repeated after 40 cm, creating visually matching segments. e. LGN response profiles as a function of position chosen from the 25 th , 50 th and 75 th percentile of the metric defined in h (top) and response profiles across the population (bottom). Response profiles are obtained from even trials and are normalized and ordered by the position of the maximum response estimated from odd trials. Only response profiles with variance explained ≥ 5% are included (1,140 of 3,182 synapses). Dotted lines are predictions assuming identical responses in the visually matching segments. f. Same as in e. for response profiles of V1 neurons (4,602 of 16,238 V1 neurons with variance explained ≥ 5%). g. Same as in e. and f. for response profiles of neurons across all 6 higher visual areas (4,381 of 18,142 neurons with variance explained ≥ 5%). h. Cumulative distribution of the spatial modulation index across visual areas (SMI) in even trials: SMI = 1 means single-peaked response; SMI = 0 means double-peaked response. Black: LGN, Gray: V1; Purple: mean cumulative distribution across higher visual areas (HVAs). Only neurons with responses within the visually-matching segments are included (LGN: 840/1,140, V1: 2,602/ 4,602, higher visual areas: 2,384/4,381) i. Violin plots showing the SMI distribution and median SMI (white vertical line) for each visual area (median ± m.a.d.

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Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Spatial modulation of visual signals arises in cortex with active navigation

Diamanti

Reddy

Schröder

et al. 2019

Preprint

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“…Previous studies have shown that subsets of RSC neurons are tuned to allocentric and egocentric spatial variables including position (Alexander and Nitz, 2015;Mao et al, 2017Mao et al, , 2018, head direction (Chen et al, 1994;Clark et al, 2010;Jacob et al, 2017), proximity to landmarks (Alexander and Nitz, 2017;Fischer et al, 2020;Mao et al, 2020;Miller et al, 2019;Powell et al, 2020;Vedder et al, 2017), and proximity to boundaries (Alexander et al, 2020;Laurens et al, 2019;van Wijngaarden et al, 2020). However, RSC neurons are also important for the memory of environmental "contexts", defined as general locations that are identifiable by invariant sensory features and that are independent of the current position or trajectory (e.g., a specific intersection, regardless of which lane one is in).…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

A Distributed Circuit for Associating Environmental Context to Motor Choice in Retrosplenial Cortex

Franco

Goard

2020

Preprint

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During navigation, animals often use recognition of familiar environmental contexts to guide motor action selection. The retrosplenial cortex (RSC) receives inputs from both visual cortex and subcortical regions required for spatial memory, and projects to motor planning regions. However, it is not known whether RSC is important for associating familiar environmental contexts with specific motor actions. Here, we test this possibility by developing a task in which trajectories are chosen based on the context. We find that mice exhibit differential pre-decision activity in RSC, and that optogenetic suppression of RSC activity impairs task performance. Individual RSC neurons encode a range of task variables, often multiplexed with distinct temporal profiles. However, the responses are spatiotemporally organized, with task variables represented along a posterior-to-anterior gradient along RSC during the behavioral performance, consistent with histological characterization. These results reveal an anatomically-organized retrosplenial cortical circuit for associating environmental contexts to appropriate motor outputs.

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“…Visual landmarks influence spatial cognition [1][2][3], navigation [4,5] and goal-directed behavior [6][7][8], but their influence on visual coding in sensorimotor systems is poorly understood [6,[9][10][11]. We hypothesized that visual responses in frontal cortex control gaze areas encode potential targets in an intermediate gaze-centered / landmark-centered reference frame that might depend on specific target-landmark configurations rather than a global mechanism.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Landmark-Centered Coding in Frontal Cortex Visual Responses

Schütz¹,

Bharmauria²,

Yan³

et al. 2020

Preprint

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Visual landmarks influence spatial cognition, navigation and goal-directed behavior, but their influence on visual coding in sensorimotor systems is poorly understood. We hypothesized that visual responses in frontal cortex control gaze areas encode potential targets in an intermediate gaze-centered / landmark-centered reference frame that might depend on specific target-landmark configurations rather than a global mechanism. We tested this hypothesis by recording neural activity in the frontal eye fields (FEF) and supplementary eye fields (SEF) while head-unrestrained macaques engaged in a memory-delay gaze task. Visual response fields (the area of visual space where targets modulate activity) were tested for each neuron in the presence of a background landmark placed at one of four oblique configurations relative to the target stimulus. 102 of 312 FEF and 43 of 256 SEF neurons showed spatially tuned response fields in this task. We then fit these data against a mathematical continuum between a gaze-centered model and a landmark-centered model. When we pooled data across the entire dataset for each neuron, our response field fits did not deviate significantly from the gaze-centered model. However, when we fit response fields separately for each target-landmark configuration, the best fits shifted (mean 37% / 40%) toward landmark-centered coding in FEF / SEF respectively. This confirmed an intermediate gaze / landmark-centered mechanism dependent on local (configuration-dependent) interactions. Overall, these data show that external landmarks influence prefrontal visual responses, likely helping to stabilize gaze goals in the presence of variable eye and head orientations.

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Representation of Visual Landmarks in Retrosplenial Cortex

Cited by 36 publications

References 86 publications

Spatial modulation of visual signals arises in cortex with active navigation

Spatial modulation of visual signals arises in cortex with active navigation

A Distributed Circuit for Associating Environmental Context to Motor Choice in Retrosplenial Cortex

Landmark-Centered Coding in Frontal Cortex Visual Responses

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