Representation of locomotor space by the blind

Veraart, Claude; Wanet-Defalque, Marie-Chantal

doi:10.3758/bf03210501

Cited by 37 publications

(27 citation statements)

References 28 publications

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“…Pattern recognition assessment using a vision rehabilitation procedure has already been achieved with a sensory substitution device [38,21], and with the optic nerve visual prosthesis [99,101]. Mobility studies have also been conducted with noninvasive sensory aids [127] but not with implanted prostheses thus far. …”

Section: Rehabilitation Assessmentmentioning

confidence: 99%

Vision rehabilitation in the case of blindness

Veraart

Duret

Brelén

et al. 2004

Expert Review of Medical Devices

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This article examines the various vision rehabilitation procedures that are available for early and late blindness. Depending on the pathology involved, several vision rehabilitation procedures exist, or are in development. Visual aids are available for low vision individuals, as are sensory aids for blind persons. Most noninvasive sensory substitution prostheses as well as implanted visual prostheses in development are reviewed. Issues dealing with vision rehabilitation are also discussed, such as problems of biocompatibility, electrical safety, psychosocial aspects, and ethics. Basic studies devoted to vision rehabilitation such as simulation in mathematical models and simulation of artificial vision are also presented. Finally, the importance of accurate rehabilitation assessment is addressed, and tentative market figures are given.

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Section: Rehabilitation Assessmentmentioning

confidence: 99%

Vision rehabilitation in the case of blindness

Veraart

Duret

Brelén

et al. 2004

Expert Review of Medical Devices

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“…Other “visual pattern SSDs” transform visual signals into sound or tactile information [38]. For early-onset blind participants, an echoic SSD improved judgements of obstacle direction and distance [39]. Blind and blindfolded sighted participants have also been shown to use a visual pattern SSD named the tongue display unit (TDU) to negotiate an obstacle course [40], and Kupers, et al [41] showed that blind participants were more accurate than sighted participants in using the TDU in a virtual route recognition task.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Blindness enhances auditory obstacle circumvention: Assessing echolocation, sensory substitution, and visual-based navigation

et al. 2017

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Performance for an obstacle circumvention task was assessed under conditions of visual, auditory only (using echolocation) and tactile (using a sensory substitution device, SSD) guidance. A Vicon motion capture system was used to measure human movement kinematics objectively. Ten normally sighted participants, 8 blind non-echolocators, and 1 blind expert echolocator navigated around a 0.6 x 2 m obstacle that was varied in position across trials, at the midline of the participant or 25 cm to the right or left. Although visual guidance was the most effective, participants successfully circumvented the obstacle in the majority of trials under auditory or SSD guidance. Using audition, blind non-echolocators navigated more effectively than blindfolded sighted individuals with fewer collisions, lower movement times, fewer velocity corrections and greater obstacle detection ranges. The blind expert echolocator displayed performance similar to or better than that for the other groups using audition, but was comparable to that for the other groups using the SSD. The generally better performance of blind than of sighted participants is consistent with the perceptual enhancement hypothesis that individuals with severe visual deficits develop improved auditory abilities to compensate for visual loss, here shown by faster, more fluid, and more accurate navigation around obstacles using sound.

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“…For example, some refer to the relationship between equivalent words in different languages as semantic [15]. Others use category sets to cue the targets (e.g., [16]), and at least one paper has referred to the relationship between a letter presented in upper case and the same letter presented in lower case as a semantic relationship [17]. But by far the most common manipulation employed in studies of semantic priming within the AB has been the use of word associations (e.g., doctor-nurse , day-night , foot-shoe , etc).…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Priming the Semantic Neighbourhood during the Attentional Blink

Harris

Little

2010

PLoS ONE

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BackgroundWhen two targets are presented in close temporal proximity amongst a rapid serial visual stream of distractors, a period of disrupted attention and attenuated awareness lasting 200–500 ms follows identification of the first target (T1). This phenomenon is known as the “attentional blink” (AB) and is generally attributed to a failure to consolidate information in visual short-term memory due to depleted or disrupted attentional resources. Previous research has shown that items presented during the AB that fail to reach conscious awareness are still processed to relatively high levels, including the level of meaning. For example, missed word stimuli have been shown to prime later targets that are closely associated words. Although these findings have been interpreted as evidence for semantic processing during the AB, closely associated words (e.g., day-night) may also rely on specific, well-worn, lexical associative links which enhance attention to the relevant target.Methodology/Principal FindingsWe used a measure of semantic distance to create prime-target pairs that are conceptually close, but have low word associations (e.g., wagon and van) and investigated priming from a distractor stimulus presented during the AB to a subsequent target (T2). The stimuli were words (concrete nouns) in Experiment 1 and the corresponding pictures of objects in Experiment 2. In both experiments, report of T2 was facilitated when this item was preceded by a semantically-related distractor.Conclusions/SignificanceThis study is the first to show conclusively that conceptual information is extracted from distractor stimuli presented during a period of attenuated awareness and that this information spreads to neighbouring concepts within a semantic network.

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Representation of locomotor space by the blind

Cited by 37 publications

References 28 publications

Vision rehabilitation in the case of blindness

Vision rehabilitation in the case of blindness

Blindness enhances auditory obstacle circumvention: Assessing echolocation, sensory substitution, and visual-based navigation

Priming the Semantic Neighbourhood during the Attentional Blink

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