Reporter Systems to Study Cancer Stem Cells

Saygin, Caner; Samour, Mohamed; Chumakova, Anastasia; Jarrar, Awad; Lathia, Justin D.; Reizes, Ofer

doi:10.1007/7651_2016_360

Cited by 10 publications

(14 citation statements)

References 65 publications

Supporting

Mentioning

Contrasting

Order By: Relevance

“…This indicates the need to use multiple markers to identify CSCs from different subclones. Reporter-based approaches to functionally define CSCs based on their expression of core pluripotency genes (e.g., NANOG) or CSC-specific signaling pathways (e.g., Wnt pathway) provide another opportunity to study CSCs in pre-clinical models (Saygin et al, 2016). For two decades, these markers have been valuable tools for clinical correlative and prognostic analyses, and their longitudinal assessment during clinical tumor progression improved our understanding of CSC evolution dynamics.…”

Section: Identification Of Cscsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Targeting Cancer Stemness in the Clinic: From Hype to Hope

et al. 2019

Self Cite

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

Tumors are composed of non-homogeneous cell populations exhibiting varying degrees of genetic and functional heterogeneity. Cancer stem cells (CSCs) are capable of sustaining tumors by manipulating genetic and non-genetic factors to metastasize, resist treatment, and maintain the tumor microenvironment. Understanding the key traits and mechanisms of CSC survival provides opportunities to improve patient outcomes via improved prognostic models and therapeutics. Here, we review the clinical significance of CSCs and results of potential CSC-targeting therapies in various cancers. We discuss barriers to translating cues from pre-clinical models into clinical applications and propose new strategies for rational design of future anti-CSC trials.

show abstract

Section: Identification Of Cscsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Targeting Cancer Stemness in the Clinic: From Hype to Hope

et al. 2019

Self Cite

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

show abstract

“…For that reason, fluorescence reporter systems driven by portions of promoters where these proteins bind were developed to allow CSCs to be labeled and tracked in various types of cancer. These reporter systems seem to be a powerful tool to identify and study CSCs more efficiently than cell-surface markers (Saygin et al, 2016). Tang et al (2015) developed a flexible lentiviral-based reporter system (SORE6-GFP) that allows direct visualization of CSCs based on SOX2 and OCT4 expression.…”

Section: Transcription Factors As Potential Csc Markersmentioning

confidence: 99%

The Relevance of Transcription Factors in Gastric and Colorectal Cancer Stem Cells Identification and Eradication

Pádua

Figueira

Ribeiro

et al. 2020

Front. Cell Dev. Biol.

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

Gastric and colorectal cancers have a high incidence and mortality worldwide. The presence of cancer stem cells (CSCs) within the tumor mass has been indicated as the main reason for tumor relapse, metastasis and therapy resistance, leading to poor overall survival. Thus, the elimination of CSCs became a crucial goal for cancer treatment. The identification of these cells has been performed by using cellsurface markers, a reliable approach, however it lacks specificity and usually differs among tumor type and in some cases even within the same type. In theory, the ideal CSC markers are those that are required to maintain their stemness features. The knowledge that CSCs exhibit characteristics comparable to normal stem cells that could be associated with the expression of similar transcription factors (TFs) including SOX2, OCT4, NANOG, KLF4 and c-Myc, and signaling pathways such as the Wnt/βcatenin, Hedgehog (Hh), Notch and PI3K/AKT/mTOR directed the attention to the use of these similarities to identify and target CSCs in different tumor types. Several studies have demonstrated that the abnormal expression of some TFs and the dysregulation of signaling pathways are associated with tumorigenesis and CSC phenotype. The disclosure of common and appropriate biomarkers for CSCs will provide an incredible tool for cancer prognosis and treatment. Therefore, this review aims to gather the new insights in gastric and colorectal CSC identification specially by using TFs as biomarkers and divulge promising drugs that have been found and tested for targeting these cells.

show abstract

“…The design of reporter systems is typically based on the fact that transcription factors, such as NANOG, sex-determining region Y-box (SOX)2, organic cation/carnitine transporter (OCT) 4, and self-renewal pathways, such as NOTCH and WNT, are upregulated in CSCs [44]. Reporter systems can mark stem cells based on this upregulated transcription factor expression using a model system that contains a genetic construct that leads to expression of a tagged (typically fluorescent) transcription factor protein when the gene of interest is transcriptionally activated in cells.…”

Section: The Use Of Reporter Systems Based On Stem Cell Transcriptionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Overview of Cancer Stem Cells and Stemness for Community Oncologists

Lathia

Liu

2017

Targ Oncol

Self Cite

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

Advances in cancer research in the past have led to an evolving understanding of cancer pathogenesis and the development of novel drugs that significantly improve patient outcomes. However, many patients still encounter treatment resistance, recurrence, or metastasis and eventually die from progressing disease. Experimental evidence indicates that a subpopulation of cancer cells, called cancer stem cells (CSCs), possess “stemness” properties similar to normal stem cells, including self-renewal, differentiation, and proliferative potential. These stemness properties are lost during differentiation and are governed by pathways such as STAT3, NANOG, NOTCH, WNT, and HEDGEHOG, which are highly dysregulated in CSCs due to genetic and epigenetic changes. Promising results have been observed in preclinical models targeting these CSCs through the disruption of stemness pathways in combination with current treatment modalities. This has led to anti-CSC–based clinical trials in multiple stages of development. In this review, we discuss the role of CSCs and stemness pathways in cancer treatment and how they relate to clinical observations. Because CSCs and the stemness pathways governing them may explain the negative clinical outcomes observed during treatment, it is important for oncologists to understand how they contribute to cancer progression and how they may be targeted to improve patient outcomes.

show abstract

Reporter Systems to Study Cancer Stem Cells

Cited by 10 publications

References 65 publications

Targeting Cancer Stemness in the Clinic: From Hype to Hope

Targeting Cancer Stemness in the Clinic: From Hype to Hope

The Relevance of Transcription Factors in Gastric and Colorectal Cancer Stem Cells Identification and Eradication

Overview of Cancer Stem Cells and Stemness for Community Oncologists

Contact Info

Product

Resources

About