Reported Modality Preferences of Sonar Operators

Abstract

SummaryOne hundred forty-four sonar operators, 78 submarine (STS) and 66 surface (STG), completed a survey which questioned them in the areas of preferred work schedule, general modality preference, and modality preference for sonar operation.A majority of subjects reported being most alert and efficient between 8 a.m. and noon.STS operators had a strong preference for a 6 on/12 off work schedule. Responses to general modality questions indicated a preference for the visual modality, which was similar in proportion for both STS and STG groups. On questions pertinent to sonar operation, most operators indicated a visual preference.However, on two of these items, proportionally more STS than STG operators showed an auditory preference. Interestingly, 99% of all the subjects reported that present sonar systems are biased toward visual information.Yet, this survey showed that only 57% of the sonar operators rely on or feel they are better at utilizing visual information.The implications of individual operator differences Ad modality preferences as they relate to sonar task performance are discussed.

Three-Dimensional Auditory Display for Enhancing Detection of Passive Sonar Signals

“…Moore, 1989). Indeed, because they may be perceived even when the operator's eyes are directed elsewhere, an auditory sonar display is potentially more useful than a visual sonar display (Kobus & Lewandowski, 1990). The implication of improved listener detection could lead to tactical superiority, given that the initial advantage in the sonar tactical environment typically belongs to the operator who makes the first detection.…”