Report overview

Antibacterial Use of Macroalgae Compounds against Foodborne Pathogens

“…Antimicrobial extracts from seaweeds are outlined as alternatives to the synthetic preservatives in the food industry to keep or improve food safety and quality [ 188 ]. The possibility of incorporating such extracts in perishable food products, such as refrigerated ready-to-eat foods, could expand their shelf-life, diminish or remove pathogenic bacteria and at the same time, enhance the perception of the consumer to processed food by substituting synthetic with natural antimicrobial agents [ 189 ]. Previous sections collect several works about the antimicrobial properties of different seaweeds, which would have potential applications in improving the safety and quality of foods.…”

“…Throughout this article, we reviewed the antibacterial effect that some algae extracts can have on several foodborne pathogens responsible for worldwide diseases. There is a clear trend in the current market for the consumption of more eco-friendly and natural products and their incorporation not only in consumers’ diets but also in their personal care and overall health showing a potential market for algae-based medicine [ 189 ]. Another concern is that invasive algae are threatening ecosystems.…”

Integration of immigrants in Spain: Circumstances, state policy, possibilities of use in Russia

“…Unsurprisingly, some of those reflecting on COVID-19 impacts have called for the return to a holistic understanding of the world and the place that humans occupy in it. 4 It is within this context that this World Migration Report focuses on developments in migration over the last twoyear period, with an emphasis on providing analysis that takes into account historical and contemporary factors -historical in recognition that migration and displacement occur within broader long-term social, security, political and economic contexts; contemporary in recognition that we are still in many ways grappling with a significant global upheaval caused by a severe pandemic that has tested even the most resilient systems, countries, communities and people. While acknowledging that we will continue to experience the systemic effects of COVID-19 for many years to come, this World Migration Report 2022 offers an initial exploration of current data and other evidence to answer the key question, "How has COVID-19 altered migration and mobility for people around the world?"…”

“…The chapter also refers to the body of programmatic IOM data, particularly on assisted voluntary returns and reintegration, resettlement and displacement tracking. 4 While these data are generally not global or representative, they can provide insights into changes that have occurred in relevant programming and operations globally. As the United Nations migration agency, with activities relevant to all the themes discussed in this chapter, IOM data have the capacity to provide further insights on migration and its various dynamics, including the diverse needs of migrants.…”

“…3 As a result, tourism -one of the largest industries in the world -faced a similar decline in 2020, with losses of about USD 2 trillion or 2 per cent of global GDP. 4 Further, COVID-19 acted as a brake on international migration, with the United Nations estimating that the pandemic had slowed the growth in the stock of international migrants by around two million by mid-2020, or 27 per cent less than the growth expected. 5 Although the COVID-19 pandemic is first and foremost a health crisis, it is also an economic crisis, with businesses forced to close and workers laid off or furloughed.…”