Report of the Tobacco Policy Research Study Group on Tobacco Marketing and Promotion

Warner, Kenneth E.; Butler, Jane; Cummings, K. Michael; D’Onofrio, Carol N.; Davis, Ronald M.; Flay, Brian R.; McKinney, Martha M.; Myers, Matthew; Pertschuk, Michael; Robinson, Robert G.; Ryden, Linda; Schudson, Michael; Tye, Joe; Wilkenfeld, Judith P.

doi:10.1136/tc.1.suppl1.s19

Cited by 10 publications

(7 citation statements)

References 7 publications

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“…26,29,31 In addition to direct-to-consumer advertising and promotion, tobacco companies have targeted promotion efforts at groups of people and influential individuals aimed at fostering a social and political environment more supportive of tobacco consumption and marketing. 32 Thus, tobacco usage among women in emerging economies has been on the rise due in part to tobacco marketing intended not only to encourage tobacco use, but also to alter attitudes and social norms so that smoking is more socially acceptable.…”

Section: Advertisingmentioning

confidence: 99%

“Coming to Town”: The Impact of Urbanicity, Cigarette Advertising, and Network Norms on the Smoking Attitudes of Black Women in Cape Town, South Africa

2008

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This study was conducted to examine the effect of urban living on smoking attitudes among black African women in South Africa. We examine how urbanicity affects attitudes toward smoking and how it moderates the relationship between both advertising exposure and network norms on black women's smoking attitudes. Respondents were 975 black women currently living in Cape Town townships, some of which were raised in rural villages or small towns. Respondents completed a cross-sectional survey, which included data on smoking attitudes, norms, and exposure to cigarette advertising. Multiple linear regression analysis was performed with smoking attitudes as the response variable, and urbanicity, cigarette advertising exposure, and network smoking norms as primary explanatory variables. Interactions were tested to determine whether urbanicity modified the effect of advertising exposure and network norms on smoking attitudes. Independent effects of urbanicity, exposure to cigarette advertising, and greater smoking prevalence within women's networks were associated with more favorable smoking attitudes. In addition, urbanicity moderated the relationship between network smoking norms and smoking attitudes, but not cigarette advertising exposure and smoking attitudes. Urbanicity, cigarette advertising, and networks play important roles in women's attitudes toward smoking, and potentially, smoking behavior. Overall, our results suggest that strong and creative anti-smoking efforts are needed to combat the potential for a smoking epidemic among an increasingly urbanized population of black women in South Africa and similar emerging markets. Additional research is warranted.

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Section: Advertisingmentioning

confidence: 99%

“Coming to Town”: The Impact of Urbanicity, Cigarette Advertising, and Network Norms on the Smoking Attitudes of Black Women in Cape Town, South Africa

2008

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“…Of great public health concern is the possibility that the seductive imagery of advertising entices children and adolescents to start using tobacco. 49 When exposed to tobacco advertisements, adolescents chose image-based advertisements more than fact-based advertisements. 50 Until recently, most public health campaigns have focused on communicating the adverse effects of smoking rather than countering images portrayed in tobacco advertising.…”

Section: Public Health and Policy Implicationsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Cartoon Characters as Tobacco Warning Labels

Duffy¹,

Burton²

2000

Arch Pediatr Adolesc Med

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The finding that cartoon tobacco warnings are more believable than plain warnings suggests that it may be desirable to include cartoons in future tobacco warning labels. The lower ratings of believability and importance of the "Smoking Kills" warning is a concern because similar warnings have recently been implemented in at least 2 countries (Australia and Canada) and have been considered for implementation in the United States. Arch Pediatr Adolesc Med. 2000;154:1230-1236.

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“…Although cigarettes are the source of more morbidity and mortality than any product invented, they are the object of the largest marketing effort in the United States. Each year, the tobacco industry spends nearly $4 billion advertising and promoting cigarettes (Warner et a]., 1992). Such marketing influences cigarette consumption (USDHHS, 1989) through several potential mechanisms, including the use of advertising in luring adolescents to begin using tobacco, decreasing the resolve of smokers to stop smoking or consider quitting, encouraging relapse among those who have quit, and serving as a stimulus cue to smoke (Warner et al, 1992).…”

Section: Nonpharrriacological Determinantsmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Each year, the tobacco industry spends nearly $4 billion advertising and promoting cigarettes (Warner et a]., 1992). Such marketing influences cigarette consumption (USDHHS, 1989) through several potential mechanisms, including the use of advertising in luring adolescents to begin using tobacco, decreasing the resolve of smokers to stop smoking or consider quitting, encouraging relapse among those who have quit, and serving as a stimulus cue to smoke (Warner et al, 1992). A second marketing approach entails efforts directed at groups of people intended to promote a social or political environment supportive of tobacco use (Pollay, this issue).…”

Section: Nonpharrriacological Determinantsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Nicotine Addiction: Implications for Public Health Policy

Heishman

Kozlowski

Henningfield

1997

Journal of Social Issues

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Although the morbidity and mortality caused by cigarette smoking occur in adulthood, the initiation of tobacco use and the development of nicotine addiction typically occur during adolescence. The purpose of this paper is to examine the determinants of nicotine addiction, focusing on the development of addiction in youth, and to explore implications for public health policy. An understanding of the pharmacological and nonpharmacological ,factors that determine the course of nicotine addiction is critical in developing rational policies regarding tobacco products. The Food and Drug Administration's rule to regulate cigarettes and smokeless tobacco products is discussed. The fact that smokers typicall-y make the transition,from casual use to nicotine addiction during adolescence argues for developing and implementing effective prevention efforts and smoking cessation treatment programs that are youth-oriented.

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Report of the Tobacco Policy Research Study Group on Tobacco Marketing and Promotion

Cited by 10 publications

References 7 publications

“Coming to Town”: The Impact of Urbanicity, Cigarette Advertising, and Network Norms on the Smoking Attitudes of Black Women in Cape Town, South Africa

“Coming to Town”: The Impact of Urbanicity, Cigarette Advertising, and Network Norms on the Smoking Attitudes of Black Women in Cape Town, South Africa

Cartoon Characters as Tobacco Warning Labels

Nicotine Addiction: Implications for Public Health Policy

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