Report of Committee E on Recommendations for Official Methods

Helrich, Kenneth; Burke, Jerry; Malanoski, Anthony J; Puma, Bartholomew J; Butler, Stephen W

doi:10.1093/jaoac/64.2.432

Cited by 3 publications

(5 citation statements)

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“…Pure CO 2 (99.99 vol %) was then introduced into the bottle at a flow rate of 500 sccm, controlled by an Airoboost mass flow controller. The CO 2 loading ( L CO 2 ) in the solution was determined using the weighing method, employing an electronic balance GL224I-1SCN with an accuracy of 0.1 mg, which is validated by the standard method of the Association of Official Analytical Chemists (AOAC) . To ensure measurement accuracy, all experiments were conducted three times, and the average values were used in this work.…”

Section: Methodsmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…The amount of CO 2 in solvents was determined by measuring the volume of CO 2 gas released upon adding excessive acid (H 2 SO 4 , 25%). The methods used to determine the CO 2 loadings were validated against the standard method of the Association of Official Analytical Chemists (AOAC), with an average error of ±3% between the actual and measured results, confirming their validity. To ensure measurement accuracy, all experiments were conducted three times, and the average values were used in this study.…”

Section: Methodsmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Comparative Performance Evaluation of Absorbents for the Electrowinning-Coupled Competitive Separation CO₂ Capture Process

Wu,

Fan,

Mao

et al. 2024

ACS Sustainable Chem. Eng.

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Electrowinning-coupled competitive separation (ECCS) CO 2 capture technology, utilizing renewable electricity as the energy input, is regarded as a promising electrochemically mediated CO 2 capture approach to substitute for the traditional solvent-based CO 2 scrubbing method. However, this technology is still distant from practical application due to its energy-intensive property, sensitivity to oxygen, amine degradation, and system complexity. The selection of a suitable solvent plays a crucial role in enhancing the overall performance and scalability of the ECCS system. To address an efficient solvent screening method, this paper proposed a systematic comparison of solvents in terms of thermodynamics, electrochemistry, absorption, and desorption performance. The proposed solvent screening method undergoes a critical evaluation through the development of a thermodynamic model and experimentation. Using MEA, EDA, and NH 3 as examples (solvents extensively discussed in the ECCS system), the paper provides a comprehensive discussion of the solvent screening method. Results indicate that EDA exhibits superior CO 2 absorption and thermodynamic performance. NH 3 solvent demonstrates better CO 2 desorption and electrochemical performance. However, there is an antithetical relationship between the thermodynamic and electrochemical performance. This phenomenon arises because the Cu 2+ −solvent complex, characterized by a stronger coupling performance, is more stable, necessitating a higher potential to reduce the Cu 2+ −solvent complex. This leads to increased energy consumption during the solvent regeneration process. Therefore, when solvent screening is conducted, it is essential to categorize and thoroughly consider thermodynamics, electrochemistry, and absorption and desorption performance.

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Section: Methodsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Methodsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Comparative Performance Evaluation of Absorbents for the Electrowinning-Coupled Competitive Separation CO₂ Capture Process

Wu,

Fan,

Mao

et al. 2024

ACS Sustainable Chem. Eng.

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“…The 20 g sample fraction of each component was oven‐dried at 70°C until a constant weight was obtained. The oven‐dried material of each part of the plant was ground to pass through a 1‐mm sieve, and the N of the grain was determined using the micro‐Kjeldahl method (Helrich, 1990). The crude protein concentration was then calculated using the following formula:

\begin{equation}{\rm{Crude}}\,{\rm{protein}} = {\rm{Nitrogen}} \times {\rm{6}}{\rm{.25}}\end{equation}

…”

Section: Methodsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Water and nitrogen management influence on oil and protein concentration in maize

et al. 2023

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The effects of water and nitrogen management on the oil and protein concentration of maize (Zea mays L.) grown in semiarid conditions are not well documented, although it is rather important for local consumers. The objectives of this study were, therefore, to determine the interaction between different nitrogen fertilizer rates and irrigation regimes on nitrogen uptake, and oil and protein content of maize grain.The importance of this study is to understand how the interaction of nitrogen and irrigation management affects the growth of maize and, thus, identify the best management practices to attain an optimal yield. A field experiment was conducted for 2 consecutive years in 2009 and 2010 using 5 nitrogen fertilizer rates, ranging from 100 to 300 kg N ha −1 , and 3 levels of irrigation management, ranging from 375 to 525 mm ha −1 , for a total of 15 treatments. The results showed that nitrogen accumulation in the maize plant linearly increased in applications up to 300 kg N ha −1 even under deficit irrigation (375 mm ha −1 ). For the application of 300 kg N ha −1 under optimum irrigation (525 mm ha −1 ), nitrogen accumulation in the plant's aboveground canopy was significantly increased (e.g., 145.7 and 144.3 kg ha −1 during 2009 and 2010, respectively) as compared to smaller N application rates. The combined nitrogen and irrigation regimes of 300 kg N ha −1 with 525 mm of irrigation resulted in the numerically maximum grain oil concentration, that is, 62 and 65 g kg −1 during 2009 and 2010, respectively, and protein concentration in grains, that is, 116 and 120 g kg −1 during 2009 and 2010, respectively. The regression analyses showed that the protein and oil concentrations of the grain are significantly and positively correlated with total nitrogen uptake. The nitrogen concentration in maize is driven by irrigation water and nitrogen fertilizer rates. Therefore, irrigation water and nitrogen fertilizers are the major inputs for not only improving maize grain yield but also maize grain quality.

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“…Sugar beet leaf and protein concentrates from leaves were analyzed for total dry matter, ash, and protein 10 content in accordance with the standard procedures of the Official Association of Analytical Chemists 11 …”

Section: Methodsmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…The protein content of sugar beet leaves and protein concentrates from leaves were found by the Kjeldahl method 11 . Then, the protein yield was calculated from the grams of protein in protein concentrates in dry matter per gram of protein in sugar beet leaf in dry matter.…”

Section: Methodsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Determination of process parameters and precipitation methods for potential large‐scale production of sugar beet leaf protein concentrate

Akyüz,

Tekin,

Aksoy

et al. 2023

J Sci Food Agric

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BACKGROUNDSugar beet is one of the most produced industrial plants in the world, and during manufacturing it produces a large quantity of leaf waste. Because this waste is rich in protein, this study aimed to identify an efficient method for producing large‐scale protein concentrate from sugar beet leaves.RESULTSResults showed that protein extraction from fresh leaves was more effective than from dried leaves. Maximum protein extraction was achieved at pH 9, compared with pH 7 or 8. Blanching as a pretreatment reduced protein yield during isoelectric precipitation, with a yield of 2.31% compared to 20.20% without blanching. Consequently, blanching was excluded from the extraction process. After extraction, isoelectric precipitation, heat coagulation, and isoelectric–ammonium sulfate precipitation were compared. Although the latter resulted in the highest protein yield, Fourier transform infrared analysis revealed that excessive salt was not removed during dialysis, making it unsuitable for scale‐up due to its additional cost and complexity. Therefore, isoelectric precipitation was selected as the appropriate method for protein precipitation from sugar beet leaves. To increase yield, extractions were assisted by ultrasound or enzyme addition. Ultrasound‐assisted extraction resulted in an increased protein yield from 20.20% to 28.60%, while Pectinex Ultra SP‐L‐assisted extraction was the most effective, increasing protein yield from 20.20% to 38.09%.CONCLUSIONProteins were extracted from fresh sugar beet leaves using optimum conditions (50 °C, 30 min, pH 9) and precipitated at isoelectric point, with enzymatic‐assisted extraction yielding the maximum protein recovery. © 2023 The Authors. Journal of The Science of Food and Agriculture published by John Wiley & Sons Ltd on behalf of Society of Chemical Industry.

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Report of Committee E on Recommendations for Official Methods

Cited by 3 publications

References 0 publications

Comparative Performance Evaluation of Absorbents for the Electrowinning-Coupled Competitive Separation CO₂ Capture Process

Comparative Performance Evaluation of Absorbents for the Electrowinning-Coupled Competitive Separation CO₂ Capture Process

Water and nitrogen management influence on oil and protein concentration in maize

Determination of process parameters and precipitation methods for potential large‐scale production of sugar beet leaf protein concentrate

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Report of Committee E on Recommendations for Official Methods

Cited by 3 publications

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Comparative Performance Evaluation of Absorbents for the Electrowinning-Coupled Competitive Separation CO2 Capture Process

Comparative Performance Evaluation of Absorbents for the Electrowinning-Coupled Competitive Separation CO2 Capture Process

Water and nitrogen management influence on oil and protein concentration in maize

Determination of process parameters and precipitation methods for potential large‐scale production of sugar beet leaf protein concentrate

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Product

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Comparative Performance Evaluation of Absorbents for the Electrowinning-Coupled Competitive Separation CO₂ Capture Process

Comparative Performance Evaluation of Absorbents for the Electrowinning-Coupled Competitive Separation CO₂ Capture Process