Report of Amblyomma testudinarium in mithuns (Bos frontalis) from eastern Mizoram (India)

Chamuah, J. K.; Bhattacharjee, Kanta; Sarmah, P. C.; Raina, O.K.; Mukherjee, Sanjay; Rajkhowa, C.

doi:10.1007/s12639-015-0654-4

Cited by 8 publications

(6 citation statements)

References 12 publications

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“…Amblyomma testudinarium is considered to be a rare tick species reported only from Asian countries like Malaysia, India, Japan, Korea, and China [ 47 , 77 , 78 ]. In India, it has been collected from cattle, mithuns, yaks, and wild animals such as the tiger, wild boar, barking deer, and elephant in Assam, Arunachal Pradesh, Mizoram, and West Bengal [ 47 , 79 ]. These reports suggest that this tick species is predominantly found on the animals that live in and around the forests of the Himalayan foothills.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Identification, Distribution, and Habitat Suitability Models of Ixodid Tick Species in Cattle in Eastern Bhutan

et al. 2021

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Tick infestation is the most reported parasitological problem in cattle in Bhutan. In May and June 2019, we collected ticks from 240 cattle in two districts of Eastern Bhutan. Tick presence, diversity, and infestation prevalence were examined by morphological identification of 3600 live adult ticks. The relationships between cattle, geographic factors, and infestation prevalence were assessed using logistic regression analyses. Habitat suitability for the tick species identified was determined using MaxEnt. Four genera and six species of ticks were found. These were Rhipicephalus microplus (Canestrini) (70.2% (95% confidence interval (CI): 68.7–71.7)), Rhipicephalus haemaphysaloides Supino (18.8% (95% CI: 17.5–20.1)), Haemaphysalis bispinosa Neumann (8.2% (95% CI: 7.3–9.1)), Haemaphysalis spinigera Neumann (2.5% (95% CI: 2–3)), Amblyomma testudinarium Koch (0.19% (95% CI: 0.07–0.4)), and a single unidentified Ixodes sp. Logistic regression indicated that the variables associated with infestation were: longitude and cattle age for R. microplus; latitude for R. haemaphysaloides; and altitude and cattle breed for H. bispinosa and H. spinigera. MaxEnt models showed land cover to be an important predictor for the occurrence of all tick species examined. These findings provide information that can be used to initiate and plan enhanced tick surveillance and subsequent prevention and control programs for ticks and tick-borne diseases in cattle in Bhutan.

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Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Identification, Distribution, and Habitat Suitability Models of Ixodid Tick Species in Cattle in Eastern Bhutan

et al. 2021

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“…The collected ticks were kept at 4°C until transferred to the laboratory for further examinations. Species were identified morphologically using standard taxonomic keys (Yamaguti et al, 1971 ) and a related article (Chamuah et al, 2016 ) under a stereomicroscope. Then, each tick was cut in half with a sterile stainless‐steel blade.…”

Section: Methodsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Comparative mitogenomics elucidates the population genetic structure of Amblyomma testudinarium in Japan and a closely related Amblyomma species in Myanmar

Mohamed

Moustafa

Thu

et al. 2022

Evolutionary Applications

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Ticks are the second most important vector capable of transmitting diseases affecting the health of both humans and animals. Amblyomma testudinarium Koch 1844 (Acari: Ixodidae), is a hard tick species having a wide geographic distribution in Asia.In this study, we analyzed the composition of A. testudinarium whole mitogenomes from various geographical regions in Japan and investigated the population structure, demographic patterns, and phylogeographic relationship with other ixodid species. In addition, we characterized a potentially novel tick species closely related to A. testudinarium from Myanmar. Phylogeographic inference and evolutionary dynamics based on the 15 mitochondrial coding genes supported that A. testudinarium population in Japan is resolved into a star-like haplogroup and suggested a distinct population structure of A. testudinarium from Amami island in Kyushu region. Correlation analysis using Mantel test statistics showed that no significant correlation was observed between | INTRODUC TI ONTicks are obligatory ectoparasites that feed on the blood of various vertebrate species including mammals, birds, and reptiles (Brites-Neto et al., 2015). There are three major tick families described, namely, Ixodidae, Argasidae, and Nuttalliellidae (Horak et al., 2002). Some species of Ixodidae (hard ticks) and Argasidae (soft ticks) are implicated in the transmission of several bacterial, viral, and protozoan pathogens to humans and animals. Ticks are widely distributed around the world, especially in warm humid regions to remain hydrated and subsequently undergo metamorphosis (Vail & Smith, 1998).Amblyomma is the third biggest genus of Ixodidae ticks with more than 130 species (Guglielmone et al., 2014), some of which act as disease vectors of many pathogens, for instance Rickettsia tamurae and Rickettsia raoultii causing spotted fever (Fournier et al., 2006;Piotrowski & Rymaszewska, 2020), Ehrlichia chaffeensis causing ehrlichiosis (Cao et al., 2000), and severe fever with thrombocytopenia syndrome (SFTS) virus causing SFTS in humans (Suh et al., 2016). The geographical distribution of Amblyomma species is expanding due to anthropogenic activities, climate change, and increased geographical ranges of animal hosts (Childs & Paddock, 2003). In the United States, Amblyomma americanum populations have been constantly enlarging that contributed to change in the epidemiology of spotted fever group rickettsiosis in the country (Dahlgren et al., 2016;Sagurova et al., 2019). In Africa, Amblyomma species transmit Ehrlichia ruminantium and Rickettsia africae that cause heartwater disease and African tick-bite fever in animals and humans, respectively (Kelly et al., 1996;Yunker, 1996). Furthermore, although very little is known about the diseases caused by pathogens transmitted by this group of ticks (Jabin et al., 2019), there are 14 Amblyomma species in Asia (Voltzit, 2002), and at least three species, including

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“…Despite the diverse ecosystems of the north-eastern region of India, particularly in the Indo-Myanmar-Bangladesh borders, there is no study on the variability and phylogeny except for morphological documentation of the presence of ticks (Chamuah et al, 2016;Ghosh et al, 2018). These regions, which encompass a blend of hilly and mountainous terrain, and miniature plains, constitute one of the four biodiversity hotspots in India.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Reappraisal on the Diversity of Ticks and Their Endosymbiont Prevalent in Indo-myanmar Border

Lalawmpuii,

Biakzuala,

Jacob

et al. 2024

Preprint

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In this study, we explored the genetic diversity of ixodid ticks for the first time from Myanmar border of India, Mizoram and investigate their genetic affinities with other Indian isolates as well as with different populations from other countries. For genetic analyses, we employed phylogenetic inferences, genetic divergence, and haplotype networks based on the mitochondrial 16S rRNA, nuclear ITS-2, and 18S rRNA markers. We also implement multivariate principal coordinate analysis to visualize the genetic differentiation across ixodid ticks. Our genetic analyses affirm the identity of the ticks infesting bovine livestock in Mizoram as Rhipicephalus microplus, Haemaphysalis bispinosa, and Amblyomma habraeum. The phylogenetic inferences drawn in this study reveal instances of polytomies within Rhipicephalus species complex which could potentially arise from incomplete lineage sorting as a consequence of rapid diversification. Moreover, the genetic analysis also dictated R. microplus s.l. populations in India, China, and Pakistan constitute a closely related matrilineal lineage and form a distinct cluster of haplotypes with respect to R. microplus s.s. Despite the study, population of R. microplus from Mizoram nested within a single haplotype, our study signified a noticeable intraspecies divergence within R. microplus s.l. across India revealing the recovery of seven distinct matrilineal haplotypes based on the mitochondrial 16S rRNA marker, while a single and three distinct haplotypes are seen in the nuclear 18S rRNA and ITS-2 markers, respectively. This study also unveiled an infection rate of 5% for bovine haemoparasites and 97% for Coxiella-like-endosymbionts among the studied tick population. In conclusion, this study addresses a significant knowledge gap by providing the first documentation report on tick diversity within Myanmar border of India, Mizoram state.

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Report of Amblyomma testudinarium in mithuns (Bos frontalis) from eastern Mizoram (India)

Cited by 8 publications

References 12 publications

Identification, Distribution, and Habitat Suitability Models of Ixodid Tick Species in Cattle in Eastern Bhutan

Identification, Distribution, and Habitat Suitability Models of Ixodid Tick Species in Cattle in Eastern Bhutan

Comparative mitogenomics elucidates the population genetic structure of Amblyomma testudinarium in Japan and a closely related Amblyomma species in Myanmar

Reappraisal on the Diversity of Ticks and Their Endosymbiont Prevalent in Indo-myanmar Border

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