Report: comparison of environmental impacts from solid waste treatment and disposal facilities

Abstract

Report: comparison of environmental impacts from solid waste treatment and disposal facilitiesReleases of pollutants to the environment were determined on the basis of per tonne municipal solid waste (MSW) received for three widely implemented technologies: (1) land®lling with energy recovery; (2) waste to energy; and (3) mechanical separation to refuse-derived fuel (RDF)/compost with RDF incineration for energy recovery. All three technologies were considered with a nominal capacity of 1000 tonnes MSW per day. The analysis was based on the solid waste composition of Athens, Greece, and the facilities were assumed to meet EU Directives and to include the proper disposal of residues. It was found that land®lling with energy recovery produces slightly higher air pollution and greenhouse gas releases, mainly owing to the emission of uncollected biogas. Released leachate rates are at a ratio of 5:1:2 for land®lling with energy recovery, waste to energy and mechanical separation to RDF/compost with RDF incineration for energy recovery, respectively. Land®lling with energy recovery does not produce air emissions of toxic metals, but releases dioxins and furans at the same levels as the other two methods; polychlorinated biphenyls are also released by land®lling with energy recovery, mainly due to electricity production from biogas. Mechanical separation to RDF/compost with RDF incineration for energy recovery produces lower releases per tonne MSW for most pollutants, but the pollutants are more widely dispersed in soils, groundwater and the atmosphere. The methodology used is not signi®cantly affected by uncertainties and may be used for the further evaluation of environmental impacts and the assessment of integrated MSW management schemes.

Urban solid waste management in Kanpur: Opportunities and perspectives

“…Attempts were also made to deal with the micro-level issues like optimal siting for minimum cost for transfer stations and incinerators, siting for landfills, etc. Tsiliyannis (1999) discussed the main environmental problems related to MSWM, and in particular those concerning pollutant releases. Chang and Wang (1997) proposed a fuzzy goal programming approach for optimal planning of SWM systems, in which they consider four objectives: economic costs, noise control, air pollution control, and traffic congestion limitations.…”

Enhanced waste to energy operability under feedstock uncertainty by synergistic flue gas recirculation and heat recuperation

“…(30), provided f is defined by Eqs. (31) and (36). Hence, electrical power production may be given by the expression…”

A survey of life cycle approaches in waste management

“…To find a balance between the objectives and to calculate how much the KEPIs influence the decision alternatives to be taken, an approach based on optimisation has been proposed by several authors (Minciardi et al 2008). Tsiliyannis (1999) discusses the major environmental problems related to MSW management, in particular those concerning pollutant release. Solano et al (2002) model for integrated solid waste management intended to help in identifying alternative strategies that meet cost, energy and environmental emission objectives.…”