Report 19: The potential impact of the COVID-19 epidemic on HIV, TB and malaria in low- and middle-income countries

Hogan, Alexandra B.; Jewell, Britta L; Sherrard-Smith, Ellie; Vesga, Juan F.; Watson, O; Whittaker, Charles; Hamlet, Arran; Smith, J. Lorrain; Ainslie, Kylie E. C.; Baguelin, Marc; Bhatt, S; Boonyasiri, Adhiratha; Brazeau, Nicholas F.; Cattarino, Lorenzo; Charles, Giovanni; Cooper, Laura V; Coupland, Helen; Cuomo-Dannenburg, Gina; Dighe, Amy; Djaafara, A; Donnelly, C; Dorigatti, Ilaria; Eaton, Jeffrey W.; Elsland, S Van; FitzJohn, Richard G.; Fu, Han; Gaythorpe, Katy A. M.; Green, W; Haw, David; Hayes, Sandra C.; Hinsley, Wes; Imai, Natsuko; Knock, Edward; Laydon, Daniel J.; Lees, John A.; Mangal, Tara; Mellan, Thomas A.; Mishra, Srijit; Gilani, G Nedjati; Nouvellet, Pierre; Okell, Lucy; Ower, Alison; Parag, Kris V; Pickles, Michael; Stopard, Isaac J.; Thompson, Hayley; Unwin, H. Juliette T.; Verity, Robert; Vollmer, Michaela; Walters, Caroline E.; Wang, H; Wang, Y; Whittles, Lilith K; Winskill, Peter; Xi, Xin; Ferguson, Neil T. N.; Churcher, Thomas S.; Arinaminpathy, Nimalan; Ghani, Azra C; Walker, Patrick; Hallett, Timothy B.

doi:10.25561/78670

Cited by 13 publications

(9 citation statements)

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“…3 summarises the evidence and shows that the disruption in the provision of routine services was the most common health impact identified in 14 of our papers, leading in four cases to the identification of potential deaths. [30][31][32][33] Lockdown's impact on the utilisation of healthcare services was the subject of eight of the papers, particularly for those referring to the Ebola epidemic. [34][35][36] Evidence of mental health impacts from lockdown measures was also discussed in eight papers, 37,38 followed by social vulnerability effects including increase in poverty levels, reduced income or livelihood was covered in six papers.…”

Section: Data Collection and Risk Of Bias Assessmentmentioning

confidence: 99%

Epidemics, Lockdown Measures and Vulnerable Populations: A Mixed-Methods Systematic Review of the Evidence of Impacts on Mother and Child Health in Low-and Lower-Middle-Income Countries

Russo

Jesus

Deane

et al. 2021

Int J Health Policy Manag

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Background: The aim of this research was to synthetise the existing evidence on the impact of epidemic-related lockdown measures on women and children’s health in low-and-lower-middle-income countries. Methods: A mixed-methods systematic review was conducted of qualitative, quantitative and mixed-methods evidence. Between November 1st-10th 2021, seven scientific databases were searched. The inclusion criteria were that the paper provided evidence on the impact of lockdown and related measures, focused on low-and-lower-middle-income countries, addressed impacts on women and child’s health, addressed epidemics from 2000-2020, was peer-reviewed, provided original evidence, and was published in English. The Joanne Briggs Institute’s critical appraisal tools were used to assess the quality of the studies, and the PRISMA guidelines for reporting. The evidence from the papers was grouped by type of lockdown measure and categories of impact, using a narrative data-based convergent synthesis design. Results: The review process identified 46 papers meeting the inclusion criteria from 17 countries whichall focussed on the COVID-19 and Ebola epidemics. The evidence on the decrease of utilisation of health services showed plummeting immunisation rates and faltering use of maternal and perinatal services, which was linked to a growth of premature deaths. Impacts on the mental health of children and women is well-established, with lockdowns associated with surges in depression, anxiety and low life satisfaction. Vulnerability may be compounded by lockdowns, as livelihoods are disrupted, and poverty levels increase. Conclusion: Limitations included that searches were conducted in late-2020 as new research was being published, and that some evidence not published in English may have been excluded. Epidemic-related lockdown measures carry consequences for the health of women and children in lower-income settings. Governments will need to weigh the trade-offs of introducing such measures and consider policies to mitigate their impacts on the most vulnerable.

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Section: Data Collection and Risk Of Bias Assessmentmentioning

confidence: 99%

Epidemics, Lockdown Measures and Vulnerable Populations: A Mixed-Methods Systematic Review of the Evidence of Impacts on Mother and Child Health in Low-and Lower-Middle-Income Countries

Russo

Jesus

Deane

et al. 2021

Int J Health Policy Manag

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“…In this first scenario we shown Figs. 4, and 5, the active cases curves for Germany integrated from model II and III, respectively. There, the black solid curves are the numerical solutions generated from Eq.…”

Section: Germanymentioning

confidence: 99%

“…After spreading in Asia and Europe, now COVID-19 is a challenge for the USA, as well as for low and middle-income countries, such as Brazil. There is a serious concern on the international scientific community about the behavior of SARS-CoV-2 in such countries, since they face other severe problems such as poverty, food security, economic growth, besides other diseases like human immunodeficiency virus, tuberculosis, and malaria [4].…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…So far, several scientific works and reports based on numerical simulations have been published, lighting the evolution of the pandemic in different countries and reflecting the actions as well as the strategies of each country to mitigate the effects of COVID-19. Some of these studies can be found in references [4][5][6][7][8]. In this work we intend to collaborate with the current investigations by proposing a model which can describe the evolution of the pandemic through the solutions of a modified version of the diffusion equation.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Diffusive process under Lifshitz scaling and pandemic scenarios

Anacleto

Brito

Queiroz

et al. 2020

Preprint

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We here propose to model active cases data from COVID-19 by a continuous effective model based on a modified diffusion equation under Lifshitz scaling with a dynamic diffusion coefficient. The proposed model is rich enough to capture different aspects of a complex virus diffusion as humanity has been recently facing. The model being continuous it is bound to be solved analytically and/or numerically. So, we investigate two possible models where the diffusion coefficient associated with possible types of contamination are captured by some specific profiles. The active cases curves here derived were able to successfully describe the pandemic behavior of Germany and Spain. Moreover, we also predict some scenarios for the evolution of COVID-19 in Brazil. The scenarios unveil how the lockdown measures can flatten the contamination curves. We can find the best profile of the diffusion coefficient that better fit the real data of pandemic.

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“…The nationwide lockdown was anticipated to “pose major setbacks to previously gained successes of National health programmes”, 7 including HIV/AIDS. 8 The Global Fund to Fight HIV, TB and Malaria urged countries to “protect essential HIV services” by addressing the interruptions in HIV testing and treatment cascade. 9…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

HIV Care in the Times of COVID-19 Pandemic in Urban South Gujarat: An Operational Overview

Samudyatha

Kosambiya

Rathore

2022

J Int Assoc Provid AIDS Care

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In India, the nationwide lockdown was implemented from March to May 2020 due to COVID-19 pandemic. As of March 2020, there were 13.08 lakh PLHIV availing ART free of cost from Government run ART centres, To maintain the continuum of care, National AIDS Control Programme (NACP) of India adopted Multi Months Dispensation (MMD) through ART centres and Community Dispensation of ART through the various Targeted Interventions (TI) and Community Based Organizations (CBO). A mixed methods study was designed, with desk review of programmatic data, semi qualitative interviews of 250 PLHIV and 15 In-Depth Interviews of ART centre and TI/CBO staff to document the process, strengths and challenges of these strategies in Surat city of South Gujarat. While administrative, technical and networking strengths were documented, manpower constraints, interrupted laboratory services, migration and relatively passive role of PLHIV in availing services were major challenges described in this study among several others.

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Report 19: The potential impact of the COVID-19 epidemic on HIV, TB and malaria in low- and middle-income countries

Cited by 13 publications

References 0 publications

Epidemics, Lockdown Measures and Vulnerable Populations: A Mixed-Methods Systematic Review of the Evidence of Impacts on Mother and Child Health in Low-and Lower-Middle-Income Countries

Epidemics, Lockdown Measures and Vulnerable Populations: A Mixed-Methods Systematic Review of the Evidence of Impacts on Mother and Child Health in Low-and Lower-Middle-Income Countries

Diffusive process under Lifshitz scaling and pandemic scenarios

HIV Care in the Times of COVID-19 Pandemic in Urban South Gujarat: An Operational Overview

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