Reply to Obadia et al.: Effect of methyl paraben on host–microbiota interactions in
            <i>Drosophila melanogaster</i>

Leftwich, Philip T.; Clarke, Naomi V. E.; Hutchings, Matthew I.; Chapman, Tracey

doi:10.1073/pnas.1805499115

Cited by 14 publications

(13 citation statements)

References 11 publications

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“…It is clear that differences in fly diet have led to issues in reproducibility of results across the field (See Sharon et al 2010 , Obadia et al 2018 , and Leftwich et al 2018 for one example; Douglas 2018 for commentary on another). One approach to combat such issues is the use of a fully defined diet such as the holidic diet ( Piper et al 2014 ).…”

Section: Resultsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Meta-analysis of Diets Used inDrosophilaMicrobiome Research and Introduction of theDrosophilaDietary Composition Calculator (DDCC)

Lesperance

Broderick

2020

G3 Genes|Genomes|Genetics

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Nutrition is a major factor influencing many aspects of Drosophila melanogaster physiology. However, a wide range of diets, many of which are termed “standard” in the literature, are utilized for D. melanogaster research, leading to inconsistencies in reporting of nutrition-dependent phenotypes across the field. This is especially evident in microbiome studies, as diet has a pivotal role in microbiome composition and resulting host-microbe interactions. Here, we performed a meta-analysis of diets used in fly microbiome research and provide a web-based tool for researchers to determine the nutritional content of diets of interest. While our meta-analysis primarily focuses on microbiome studies, our goal in developing these resources is to aid the broader community in contextualizing past and future studies across the scope of D. melanogaster research to better understand how individual lab diets can contribute to observed phenotypes.

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Section: Resultsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Meta-analysis of Diets Used inDrosophilaMicrobiome Research and Introduction of theDrosophilaDietary Composition Calculator (DDCC)

Lesperance

Broderick

2020

G3 Genes|Genomes|Genetics

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“…A remarkable and puzzling observation was that the effect of diet on assortative mating, and its prevention by antibiotic treatment, was effectively instantaneous, indicating a direct effect of the presence of the bacteria. However, other studies showed that neither the significant positive assortative mating by diet, nor the involvement of gut bacteria in this process, is consistent within or across different Drosophila strains either instantaneously or across generations …”

Section: A Role For Gut Microbiome Symbionts In Driving Host Ri In Drmentioning

confidence: 92%

Diet, Gut Microbes and Host Mate Choice

2018

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All organisms live in close association with microbes. However, not all such associations are meaningful in an evolutionary context. Current debate concerns whether hosts and microbes are best described as communities of individuals or as holobionts (selective units of hosts plus their microbes). Recent reports that assortative mating of hosts by diet can be mediated by commensal gut microbes have attracted interest as a potential route to host reproductive isolation (RI). Here, the authors discuss logical problems with this line of argument. The authors briefly review how microbes can affect host mating preferences and evaluate recent findings from fruitflies. Endosymbionts can potentially influence host RI given stable and recurrent co‐association of hosts and microbes over evolutionary time. However, observations of co‐occurrence of microbes and hosts are ripe for misinterpretation and such associations will rarely represent a meaningful holobiont. A framework in which hosts and their microbes are independent evolutionary units provides the only satisfactory explanation for the observed range of effects and associations.

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“…These diets differ in the quality and quantity of both dietary and preservative components and were selected for use as they are known to successfully support larval growth 36 whilst providing marked differences in both calorific value and carbohydrate complexity. There is as yet little evidence that differences in the presence and concentration of preservatives used will impact on larval life history responses in a manner that could confound our interpretation of nutritional responses 55 .…”

Section: Methodsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Mate choice and gene expression signatures associated with nutritional adaptation in the medfly (Ceratitis capitata)

Nash

Mohorianu

Chapman

2019

Sci Rep

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Evolutionary responses to nutrition are key to understanding host shifts and the resulting potential for reproductive isolation. Experimental evolution has previously been used to describe the responses of the medfly ( Ceratitis capitata ) to larval diets with different nutritional properties. Within 30 generations this led to divergence in larval development time, egg to adult survival and adaptation in adult body size. Here we used mRNA-seq to identify differences in gene expression patterns in these same populations, using males from the 60 th generation of nutritional selection. We validated differential expression by using qRT-PCR and found that genes linked to metabolism, oxidative phosphorylation and proteolysis were significantly over-represented among the differentially expressed genes. The results provide the first genome-wide survey of the putative mechanisms underpinning evolved responses to nutritional adaptation. In addition, we tested the hypothesis that nutritional adaptation can alter mating patterns. We found evidence for assortative mating by diet at generation 60, but not 90. Hence, the pattern was variable across generations and there was no evidence overall for any isolating mating divergence between the lines. Overall, the results provide insight into the mechanisms underpinning dietary adaptation and extend our knowledge of which traits represent core responses to nutritional selection.

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Reply to Obadia et al.: Effect of methyl paraben on host–microbiota interactions in Drosophila melanogaster

Cited by 14 publications

References 11 publications

Meta-analysis of Diets Used inDrosophilaMicrobiome Research and Introduction of theDrosophilaDietary Composition Calculator (DDCC)

Meta-analysis of Diets Used inDrosophilaMicrobiome Research and Introduction of theDrosophilaDietary Composition Calculator (DDCC)

Diet, Gut Microbes and Host Mate Choice

Mate choice and gene expression signatures associated with nutritional adaptation in the medfly (Ceratitis capitata)

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