Reply to Guggenheim et al

New Aspects in the Mechanism of Action of ALDH1A1 and 1A3 Isoforms in Carcinogenesis

“…Recently, novel discoveries about the connection of ALDH1A1 to the Protein arginine methyltransferase (PRMT3) and ALDH1A3 connection to the Lysine histone demethylase 4C (KDM4C) were published. KDM4C belongs to the Jumonji domain-2 family of histone demethylases and acts as an oncogene in oesophageal, gastric, prostate, breast [22], head, and neck [23], and other cancer. Dysregulation of KDM4C causes epigenetic changes in gene expression associated with tumorigenesis.…”

“…Dysregulation of KDM4C causes epigenetic changes in gene expression associated with tumorigenesis. In prostate cancer, KDM4C directly binds to the promoter of the c-Myc gene and triggers the expression of the c-Myc oncogene [22]. In gastric cancer, KDM4C regulates the transcription of ALDH1A3 by binding to the ALDH1A3 promoter and inhibits H3K9me2 (H3 histone methylated on 9 th Lysine) level at the ALDH1A3 promoter.…”