Reply to Dong and Zhao: Plant stress via Raman spectroscopy

Altangerel, Narangerel; Ariunbold, Gombojav O.; Gorman, Connor; Alkahtani, Masfer; Borrego, Eli J.; Bohlmeyer, Dwight; Hemmer, Philip; Kolomiets, Michael V.; Yuan, Joshua S.; Scully, Marlan O.

doi:10.1073/pnas.1707722114

Cited by 5 publications

(2 citation statements)

References 4 publications

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“…Likewise, the 1521 cm −1 carotenoid peak intensity decreased under shade for all plants with SAS. Although the 1521 cm −1 peak is known to overlap with Raman signals of anthocyanins [ 34 ], the changes to 1150 cm −1 and 1521 cm −1 carotenoid peaks were similar in all of our experiments, suggesting that our results were not affected by the overlap.…”

Section: Discussionsupporting

confidence: 52%

Rapid metabolite response in leaf blade and petiole as a marker for shade avoidance syndrome

Sng

Singh

et al. 2020

Plant Methods

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Background Shade avoidance syndrome (SAS) commonly occurs in plants experiencing vegetative shade, causing morphological and physiological changes that are detrimental to plant health and consequently crop yield. As the effects of SAS on plants are irreversible, early detection of SAS in plants is critical for sustainable agriculture. However, conventional methods to assess SAS are restricted to observing for morphological changes and checking the expression of shade-induced genes after homogenization of plant tissues, which makes it difficult to detect SAS early. Results Using the model plant Arabidopsis thaliana, we introduced the use of Raman spectroscopy to measure shade-induced changes of metabolites in vivo. Raman spectroscopy detected a decrease in carotenoid contents in leaf blades and petioles of plants with SAS, which were induced by low Red:Far-red light ratio or high density conditions. Moreover, by measuring the carotenoid Raman peaks, we were able to show that the reduction in carotenoid content under shade was mediated by phytochrome signaling. Carotenoid Raman peaks showed more remarkable response to SAS in petioles than leaf blades of plants, which greatly corresponded to their morphological response under shade or high plant density. Most importantly, carotenoid content decreased shortly after shade induction but before the occurrence of visible morphological changes. We demonstrated this finding to be similar in other plant species. Comprehensive testing of Brassica vegetables showed that carotenoid content decreased during SAS, in both shade and high density conditions. Likewise, carotenoid content responded quickly to shade, in a manner similar to Arabidopsis plants. Conclusions In various plant species tested in this study, quantification of carotenoid Raman peaks correlate to the severity of SAS. Moreover, short-term exposure to shade can induce the carotenoid Raman peaks to decrease. These findings highlight the carotenoid Raman peaks as a biomarker for early diagnosis of SAS in plants.

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Section: Discussionsupporting

confidence: 52%

Rapid metabolite response in leaf blade and petiole as a marker for shade avoidance syndrome

Sng

Singh

et al. 2020

Plant Methods

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“…For example, the average Raman spectra of the white and green tissue of live plants are shown in Figure 2B , with different intensities of carotenoid's Raman peaks at 1,157 and 1,007 cm −1 . Note that normally, carotenoids have the strongest Raman peak at 1,524 cm −1 , but we couldn't use it here because it overlaps with the anthocyanin Raman peak that also exists in plant tissue (Altangerel et al, 2017b ). Since Raman peak intensity directly correlates with the concentration of molecule, we observed that the chlorophyll-less plants had less carotenoids compared to the chlorophyll containing plants in Figure 2B .…”

Section: Resultsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Raman Spectroscopy as a Robust New Tool for Rapid and Accurate Evaluation of Drought Tolerance Levels in Both Genetically Diverse and Near-Isogenic Maize Lines

et al. 2021

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Improving drought tolerance of crops has become crucial due to the current scenario of rapid climate change. In particular, development of new maize germplasm with increased drought tolerance is viewed as a major breeding goal to ensure sustainable food and feed production. Therefore, accurate rapid phenotyping techniques for selection of superior maize genotypes are required. The objectives of this study were to determine whether Raman microscopy technique can be applied for accurate assessment of drought-tolerance levels in both genetically diverse and near-isogenic maize lines that differ in their levels of drought-tolerance. Carotenoid degradation is known to be a direct stress response initiated by reactive oxygen species during osmotic stress such as drought. Using Raman mapping, we observed real-time changes in the rate of carotenoid degradation in chloroplasts that was dependent on the strength of osmotic stress. In addition, we showed that the rate of carotenoid degradation as measured by Raman spectroscopy correlates directly with drought tolerance levels of diverse maize genotypes. We conclude that Raman technique is a robust, biochemically selective and non-invasive phenotyping technique that accurately distinguishes drought tolerance levels in both genetically diverse and near-isogenic maize genotypes. We conclude that this technique can be further developed to render it suitable for field-based early assessment of breeding materials with superior drought-tolerance traits.

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Non-destructive insights into photosynthetic and photoprotective mechanisms in Arabidopsis thaliana grown under two light regimes

Vítek

Mishra

et al. 2022

Spectrochimica Acta Part A: Molecular and Biomolecular Spectros

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Reply to Dong and Zhao: Plant stress via Raman spectroscopy

Cited by 5 publications

References 4 publications

Rapid metabolite response in leaf blade and petiole as a marker for shade avoidance syndrome

Rapid metabolite response in leaf blade and petiole as a marker for shade avoidance syndrome

Raman Spectroscopy as a Robust New Tool for Rapid and Accurate Evaluation of Drought Tolerance Levels in Both Genetically Diverse and Near-Isogenic Maize Lines

Non-destructive insights into photosynthetic and photoprotective mechanisms in Arabidopsis thaliana grown under two light regimes

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