Reply to “Comments on the ‘classical equations’ given in J. Chromatogr. A 1024 (2004) 195–207”, by L.S. Ettre

Bicchi, Carlo; Brunelli, Claudio; Cordero, Chiara Emilia Irma; Galli, Mario; Sironi, A.

doi:10.1016/j.chroma.2004.02.090

Cited by 18 publications

(20 citation statements)

References 3 publications

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“…A forthcoming publication will discuss in depth the use of different GC speed approaches to separate the critical pairs or groups of analytes in the essential oils here investigated, together with the influence of narrow bore column lengths, GC conditions and flow rates on separation and on the reproducibility of retention times, [25]. They will be evaluated on the basis of the separation measure, S, the universal parameter recently introduced by Blumberg and Klee [17] to evaluate the metric of separation in chromatography.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Direct resistively heated column gas chromatography (Ultrafast module-GC) for high-speed analysis of essential oils of differing complexities

Bicchi

Brunelli

Cordero

et al. 2004

Journal of Chromatography A

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This study applies Ultrafast module-GC (UFM-GC) with direct resistively heated columns to routine analysis of a group of essential oils of differing complexities (chamomile, peppermint, rosemary and sage). Essential oils were analysed by conventional GC with conventional inner diameter (i.d.) columns (0.25 mm) of different lengths (5 and 25 m long) and by Fast GC and Ultrafast module-GC with narrow bore columns (0.1 mm i.d., 5 m long). Column performance were evaluated and compared through their Grob test, separation number and peak capacity. Ultrafast module-GC was successful in the qualitative and quantitative analysis of essential oils of different compositions with analysis times between 40 s and 2 min versus 20-60 min required by conventional GC. Critical pairs or groups of components were separated by carefully tuning selectivity of the stationary phase to compensate for loss of efficiency due to the use of short columns and high temperature rates. The Ultrafast module-GC results of peppermint e.o. analyses were also validated and compared to those obtained by conventional GC; by measuring precision over time (i.e. repeatability and intermediate precision) and accuracy. Ultrafast module-GC showed a good separation reproducibility affording reliable component identification through the relative retention times and quantitative determination through normalised peak areas. Accuracy data also showed that Ultrafast module-GC and conventional GC normalised areas and areas percentage were perfectly comparable.

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Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Direct resistively heated column gas chromatography (Ultrafast module-GC) for high-speed analysis of essential oils of differing complexities

Bicchi

Brunelli

Cordero

et al. 2004

Journal of Chromatography A

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“…The efficiency of the fast GC technique with a direct resistively heated column (ultra fast module-GC) was demonstrated for the analyses of various types of samples: essential oils, pesticides, lipids, etc. [20][21][22].…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Fast gas chromatography characterisation of purified semiochemicals from essential oils of Matricaria chamomilla L. (Asteraceae) and Nepeta cataria L. (Lamiaceae)

Heuskin

Godin

Leroy

et al. 2009

Journal of Chromatography A

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The chemical composition of Matricaria chamomilla L. and Nepeta cataria L. essential oils was determined by GC-MS on an apolar stationary phase by comparison of the characteristic fragmentation patterns with those of the Wiley 275L database. The GC-MS chromatograms were compared with those obtained by fast GC equipped with a direct resistively heated column (Ultra Fast Module 5% phenyl, 5 m × 0.1 mm, 0.1 µm film thickness). Analytical conditions were optimised to reach a good peak resolution (split ratio = 1:100), with analysis time lower than 5 min versus 35-45 min required by conventional GC-MS. The fast chromatographic method was completely validated for the analysis of mono-and sesquiterpene compounds. Essential oils were then fractionated by column chromatography packed with silica gel. Three main fractions with high degree of purity in E-β-farnesene were isolated from the oil of M. chamomilla. One fraction enriched in (Z,E)-nepetalactone and one enriched in β-caryophyllene were obtained from the oil of N. cataria. These semiochemical compounds could act as attractants of aphid's predators and parasitoids.

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“…0.25-0.1 mm, length 5-15 m, temperature programmes at 20-60°C/min and peak widths in the range 0.5-5.0 s. On the other hand, the term 'ultra-fast GC' is used for analyses of 1 min or less, involving short (2-10 m) narrow-bore columns (0.1--0.05 mm i.d.) and temperature programmes >1°C/s, leading to peak widths of 0.05-0.2 s. [33] The routine use of F-GC has been made possible by the introduction over the last 10-15 years of electronic pressure control of the mobile phase, detectors such as high-frequency FID and high-speed quadrupole (qMS) and time-of-flight massspectrometers (TOF) able to record reliable mass spectra from high speed peaks, as well as the development of software to facilitate the method revalidation that is necessary when conventional i.d. columns are replaced by narrow-bore columns.…”

Section: Fast-gc and Fast-gc-qms Eo Analysismentioning

confidence: 99%

Essential oils and volatiles: sample preparation and analysis. A review.

Rubiolo¹,

Sgorbini²,

Liberto³

et al. 2010

Flavour & Fragrance J

148

105

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This article is a short overview of the state of the art in essential oil analysis. Several aspects of the analysis of essential oils and volatile fraction of vegetable matrices are here critically discussed. The following topics are dealt with: steam distillation, hydrodistillation and headspace sampling for sample preparation, and fast-GC, fast-GC-qMS analysis, enantioselective GC, multidimensional GC techniques and GC-isotopic ratio mass spectrometry (GC-IRMS) for analysis and quantitation.

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Reply to “Comments on the ‘classical equations’ given in J. Chromatogr. A 1024 (2004) 195–207”, by L.S. Ettre

Cited by 18 publications

References 3 publications

Direct resistively heated column gas chromatography (Ultrafast module-GC) for high-speed analysis of essential oils of differing complexities

Direct resistively heated column gas chromatography (Ultrafast module-GC) for high-speed analysis of essential oils of differing complexities

Fast gas chromatography characterisation of purified semiochemicals from essential oils of Matricaria chamomilla L. (Asteraceae) and Nepeta cataria L. (Lamiaceae)

Essential oils and volatiles: sample preparation and analysis. A review.

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