Reply [to “Comment on ‘Preliminary analysis of the hydrologic and geochemieal controls on acid‐neutralizing capacity in two acidic seepage lakes in Florida’ by C. D. Pollman et al.”]

Pollman, Curtis D.; Lee, T. M.

doi:10.1029/92wr02620

Cited by 2 publications

(2 citation statements)

References 5 publications

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“…Residue analyses of DON in tissues from pigs fed DON concentration ranging between 0.7 -7.6 ppm DON revealed In most cases low (< 20 ppb) or undetectable DON concentrations (Pollman et al, 1985;Cote et al, 1985;Prelusky and Trenholm, 1992). Variable results are summarized in Table 5.…”

Section: Carry-over and Residuesmentioning

confidence: 88%

Opinion of the Scientific Panel on contaminants in the food chain [CONTAM] related to Deoxynivalenol (DON) as undesirable substance in animal feed

2004

EFSA Journal

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"the TDI of 1 mg/kg b.w./day" has been replaced by "the TDI of 1 µg/kg b.w./day". At low doses decreased feed intake seems to be attributable to the stimulation of the synthesis of pro-inflammatory cytokines under practical conditions, whilst at higher concentrations vomiting is triggered by the interaction of DON with serotonergic and dopaminergic receptors. Pigs have been identified as the most sensitive animals species regarding these adverse effects. However, at present the available data on exposure via feedingstuffs are incomplete, and no safe intake levels for pigs could be deduced from these data. Following absorption, DON is rapidly metabolised by de-epoxidation and glucuronidation, yielding less toxic products. There is no evidence for teratogenicity and genotoxicity of DON and its metabolites, neither in laboratory animal species nor in target animals. Transfer of DON and its metabolites into edible tissues, milk and eggs is very low. Thus, products of animal origin do not contribute significantly to human exposure.

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Section: Carry-over and Residuesmentioning

confidence: 88%

Opinion of the Scientific Panel on contaminants in the food chain [CONTAM] related to Deoxynivalenol (DON) as undesirable substance in animal feed

2004

EFSA Journal

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“…McMahon, 1991], where measured concentrations of Fe 2+ in water were higher than concentrations in groundwater downgradient from Lake Barco. The lower SO4/C1 ratio in lake water than in rainfall (corrected for dry deposition) indicates two possible influences on lake water SO4: (1) the low SO4/C1 ratio in groundwater inflow to the lake, and (2) in-lake removal processes of SO4, such as sulfate reduction in lake sediments, [Pollman and Lee, 1993]. With groundwater inflow only accounting for 1-10% of the lake volume [Lee, 1995], the second factor involving sulfate reduction reactions is the more likely process.…”

Section: Co2 + 2hcooh + Ch3cooh + 6h2mentioning

confidence: 99%

Chemical Evolution of Groundwater Near a Sinkhole Lake, Northern Florida: 2. Chemical Patterns, Mass Transfer Modeling, and Rates of Mass Transfer Reactions

Katz¹,

Plummer²,

Busenberg³

et al. 1995

Water Resources Research

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Chemical patterns along evolutionary groundwater flow paths in silicate and carbonate aquifers were interpreted using solute tracers, carbon and sulfur isotopes, and mass balance reaction modeling for a complex hydrologic system involving groundwater inflow to and outflow from a sinkhole lake in northern Florida. Rates of dominant reactions along defined flow paths were estimated from modeled mass transfer and ages obtained from CFC-modeled recharge dates. Groundwater upgradient from Lake Barco remains oxic as it moves downward, reacting with silicate minerals in a system open to carbon dioxide (CO2), producing only small increases in dissolved species. Beneath and downgradient of Lake Barco the oxic groundwater mixes with lake water leakage in a highly reducing, silicate-carbonate mineral environment. A mixing model, developed for anoxic groundwater downgradient from the lake, accounted for the observed chemical and isotopic composition by combining different proportions of lake water leakage and infiltrating meteoric water. The evolution of major ion chemistry and the •3C isotopic composition of dissolved carbon species in groundwater downgradient from the lake can be explained by the aerobic oxidation of organic matter in the lake, anaerobic microbial oxidation of organic carbon, and incongruent dissolution of smectite minerals to kaolinite. The dominant process for the generation of methane was by the CO2 reduction pathway based on the isotopic composition of hydrogen (•2H(CH4) = -186 to -234%0) and carbon (•13C(CH4) ---65.7 to -72.3%0). Rates of microbial metabolism of organic matter, estimated from the mass transfer reaction models, ranged from 0.0047 to 0.039 mmol L -• yr -• for groundwater downgradient from the lake. 1565 1566 KATZ ET AL.: CHEMICAL EVOLUTION OF GROUNDWATER, 2 adequately tested for sensitivity to uncertainties in hydrochemical data because of the lack of information on environmental isotopes and mineralogy of aquifer material. Furthermore, rates of chemical evolution were not determined because flow paths were poorly defined, the age of groundwater was not estimated, and sources of water were not identified.The Lake Barco study area represents an ideal site to study the hydrochemical interaction between groundwater and lake water leakage and recharge to the UFA. Groundwater flow paths and gradients are relatively stable in the overlying surficial aquifei' and intermediate confining unit [Sacks et al., 1992; Katz et al., this issue]. Recharge to the UFA in this area is representative of hydrologic conditions along upland, highlands, and ridge areas of peninsular Florida [Aucott, 1988].Furthermore, this dilute groundwater system is typical of many poorly confined shallow aquifers whose principal source of recharge is rainfall that reacts with minerals in overlying unconsolidated silicate aquifers [Fritz and Fontes, 1980, 1986]. Groundwater that contains low concentrations of dissolved minerals represents a challenge in assessing material transfer because the concentrations of major ions and ...

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Reply [to “Comment on ‘Preliminary analysis of the hydrologic and geochemieal controls on acid‐neutralizing capacity in two acidic seepage lakes in Florida’ by C. D. Pollman et al.”]

Cited by 2 publications

References 5 publications

Opinion of the Scientific Panel on contaminants in the food chain [CONTAM] related to Deoxynivalenol (DON) as undesirable substance in animal feed

Opinion of the Scientific Panel on contaminants in the food chain [CONTAM] related to Deoxynivalenol (DON) as undesirable substance in animal feed

Chemical Evolution of Groundwater Near a Sinkhole Lake, Northern Florida: 2. Chemical Patterns, Mass Transfer Modeling, and Rates of Mass Transfer Reactions

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