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Efficacy of Topical Cyclosporine 0.05% the Treatment of Vernal Keratoconjunctivitis

“…A study by Ozcan et al (2007) in which topical cyclosporine 0.05% was used for steroid sparing purposes, demonstrated significant beneficial effect of topical cyclosporine to the extent that the steroid was tapered and later stopped altogether. The study even reported healing of the shield ulcer present in one case at one month of initiation of therapy with cyclosporine.…”

“…Diagnosis and grading of signs and symptoms of vernal keratoconjunctivitis was made on the basis of symptoms and signs, as a combination of parameters used in previous studies at presentation and at each follow up ( Ozcan et al, 2007;Arbab & Mirza, 2011;Akpek et al, 2004).…”

“…Genetic and environmental factors are also considered to be important at the onset and through the progression of the disease (Oray & Toker, 2013). It may involve the cornea and can be sight threatening (Ozcan et al, 2007).…”

“…The prevalence of vernal keratoconjunctivitis has been found to vary as reported from 1 in 2000 in temperate climates to 33% in children and up to 90% in adolescents in tropical climates especially in the Mediterranean region and Indian subcontinent as also in many parts of Africa, Latin America and Asia (Smedt et al, 2012;Arbab & Mirza, 2011;Ozcan et al, 2007;Leonardi et al, 2006;Leonardi, 2002;Buckley, 1988). A population prevalence of 4% to 5% has been found among African children Daniell et al, 2006).…”

“…A population prevalence of 4% to 5% has been found among African children Daniell et al, 2006). In large European and Asian case series boys appear to be affected more than girls, but this sex distribution is not found uniformly in Africa, and becomes less obvious with age (Oray & Toker, 2013;Ozcan et al, 2007;Arbab & Mirza, 2011;Leonardi, 2002;Daniell et al, 2006;BenEzra et al, 1986;Kashani & Mearza, 2008;BenEzra, 1993).…”