Replication Properties of Clade A/C Chimeric Feline Immunodeficiency Viruses and Evaluation of Infection Kinetics in the Domestic Cat

Rozieres, Sohela de; Thompson, Jay; Sundström, Magnus; Gruber, Julia; Stump, Debora S.; Parseval, Aymeric P. de; VandeWoude, Sue; Elder, John H.

doi:10.1128/jvi.00337-08

Cited by 25 publications

(71 citation statements)

References 42 publications

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“…Dos felinos com sinais clínicos de FIV, 30% (3/10) vieram a óbito durante o período de seis meses de observação após o diagnóstico. Possivelmente, a baixa taxa de letalidade verificada no estudo está relacionada ao subtipo B, que apresenta como característica a baixa virulência (Bachmann et al, 1997), ao contrário do subtipo C, que está associado à enfermidade aguda e de acentuada imunodeficiência, chegando a 60% de mortalidade 18 semanas pós infecção (De Rozìeres e Thompson, 2008).…”

Section: Resultsunclassified

Ocorrência do subtipo B do vírus da imunodeficiência felina em gatos domésticos da região sul do estado do Rio Grande do Sul, Brasil

Silva

Castro

Finger

et al. 2014

Arq. Bras. Med. Vet. Zootec.

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Section: Resultsunclassified

Ocorrência do subtipo B do vírus da imunodeficiência felina em gatos domésticos da região sul do estado do Rio Grande do Sul, Brasil

Silva

Castro

Finger

et al. 2014

Arq. Bras. Med. Vet. Zootec.

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“…Archived blood cell DNA from specific-pathogen-free domestic cats was obtained from three previous studies (22)(23)(24). BoHV4 and feline herpesvirus 1 (FeHV1) DNAs were extracted from infected cell culture supernatants (provided by Hana Van Campen and Sandra Quackenbush, respectively, both of Colorado State University) using a QIAamp DNA blood kit (Qiagen).…”

Section: Methodsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Novel Gammaherpesviruses in North American Domestic Cats, Bobcats, and Pumas: Identification, Prevalence, and Risk Factors

Troyer

Beatty

Stutzman-Rodriguez

et al. 2014

J Virol

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135

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Gammaherpesviruses (GHVs) are a diverse and rapidly expanding group of viruses associated with a variety of disease conditions in humans and animals. To identify felid GHVs, we screened domestic cat (Felis catus), bobcat (Lynx rufus), and puma (Puma concolor) blood cell DNA samples from California, Colorado, and Florida using a degenerate pan-GHV PCR. Additional pan-GHV and long-distance PCRs were used to sequence a contiguous 3.4-kb region of each putative virus species, including partial glycoprotein B and DNA polymerase genes. We identified three novel GHVs, each present predominantly in one felid species: Felis catus GHV 1 (FcaGHV1) in domestic cats, Lynx rufus GHV 1 (LruGHV1) in bobcats, and Puma concolor GHV 1 (PcoGHV1) in pumas. To estimate infection prevalence, we developed real-time quantitative PCR assays for each virus and screened additional DNA samples from all three species (n ‫؍‬ 282). FcaGHV1 was detected in 16% of domestic cats across all study sites. LruGHV1 was detected in 47% of bobcats and 13% of pumas across all study sites, suggesting relatively common interspecific transmission. PcoGHV1 was detected in 6% of pumas, all from a specific region of Southern California. The risk of infection for each host varied with geographic location. Age was a positive risk factor for bobcat LruGHV1 infection, and age and being male were risk factors for domestic cat FcaGHV1 infection. Further characterization of these viruses may have significant health implications for domestic cats and may aid studies of free-ranging felid ecology. IMPORTANCEGammaherpesviruses (GHVs) establish lifelong infection in many animal species and can cause cancer and other diseases in humans and animals. In this study, we identified the DNA sequences of three GHVs present in the blood of domestic cats (Felis catus), bobcats (Lynx rufus), and pumas (Puma concolor; also known as mountain lions, cougars, and panthers). We found that these viruses were closely related to, but distinct from, other known GHVs of animals and represent the first GHVs identified to be native to these feline species. We developed techniques to rapidly and specifically detect the DNA of these viruses in feline blood and found that the domestic cat and bobcat viruses were widespread across the United States. In contrast, puma virus was found only in a specific region of Southern California. Surprisingly, the bobcat virus was also detected in some pumas, suggesting relatively common virus transmission between these species. Adult domestic cats and bobcats were at greater risk for infection than juveniles. Male domestic cats were at greater risk for infection than females. This study identifies three new viruses that are widespread in three feline species, indicates risk factors for infection that may relate to the route of infection, and demonstrates cross-species transmission between bobcats and pumas. These newly identified viruses may have important effects on feline health and ecology.

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“…It is becoming clear, however, that as with mutation events, most recombination events between distantly related genomes are maladaptive (5,13,38,50,63,80). As genetic distances between parental genomes increase, so too does the probability of fitness defects in their recombinant offspring (16,51).…”

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confidence: 99%

Widely Conserved Recombination Patterns among Single-Stranded DNA Viruses

Lefeuvre

Lett

Varsani

et al. 2009

J Virol

229

184

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The combinatorial nature of genetic recombination can potentially provide organisms with immediate access to many more positions in sequence space than can be reached by mutation alone. Recombination features particularly prominently in the evolution of a diverse range of viruses. Despite rapid progress having been made in the characterization of discrete recombination events for many species, little is currently known about either gross patterns of recombination across related virus families or the underlying processes that determine genome-wide recombination breakpoint distributions observable in nature. It has been hypothesized that the networks of coevolved molecular interactions that define the epistatic architectures of virus genomes might be damaged by recombination and therefore that selection strongly influences observable recombination patterns. For recombinants to thrive in nature, it is probably important that the portions of their genomes that they have inherited from different parents work well together. Here we describe a comparative analysis of recombination breakpoint distributions within the genomes of diverse single-stranded DNA (ssDNA) virus families. We show that whereas nonrandom breakpoint distributions in ssDNA virus genomes are partially attributable to mechanistic aspects of the recombination process, there is also a significant tendency for recombination breakpoints to fall either outside or on the peripheries of genes. In particular, we found significantly fewer recombination breakpoints within structural protein genes than within other gene types. Collectively, these results imply that natural selection acting against viruses expressing recombinant proteins is a major determinant of nonrandom recombination breakpoint distributions observable in most ssDNA virus families.

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Replication Properties of Clade A/C Chimeric Feline Immunodeficiency Viruses and Evaluation of Infection Kinetics in the Domestic Cat

Abstract: Feline immunodeficiency virus (FIV) causes progressive immunodeficiency in domestic cats

Cited by 25 publications

References 42 publications

Ocorrência do subtipo B do vírus da imunodeficiência felina em gatos domésticos da região sul do estado do Rio Grande do Sul, Brasil

Ocorrência do subtipo B do vírus da imunodeficiência felina em gatos domésticos da região sul do estado do Rio Grande do Sul, Brasil

Novel Gammaherpesviruses in North American Domestic Cats, Bobcats, and Pumas: Identification, Prevalence, and Risk Factors

Widely Conserved Recombination Patterns among Single-Stranded DNA Viruses

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