Replication and Shedding of MERS-CoV in Upper Respiratory Tract of Inoculated Dromedary Camels

Adney, Danielle R.; Doremalen, Neeltje van; Brown, Vienna R.; Bushmaker, Trenton; Scott, Dana; Wit, Emmie de; Bowen, Richard A.; Munster, Vincent J.

doi:10.3201/eid2012.141280

Cited by 246 publications

(353 citation statements)

References 29 publications

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“…MERS-CoV was also isolated from camels by PCR in few instances [44,53,54]. Experimental infection of three camels with human isolates of MERSCoV was recently published [55]. The infection caused transient upper respiratory tract infection and camels shed viable MERSCoV in large quantities up to 7 days and viral PCR was positive for 35 days [55].…”

Section: An Update On Mersmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Experimental infection of three camels with human isolates of MERSCoV was recently published [55]. The infection caused transient upper respiratory tract infection and camels shed viable MERSCoV in large quantities up to 7 days and viral PCR was positive for 35 days [55]. Juvenile camels had a lower seroprevalence of MERS-CoV antibodies than adult (>2 years) camels, indicating that camels get infection later in life [8,[24][25][26].…”

Section: An Update On Mersmentioning

confidence: 99%

See 1 more Smart Citation

An update on Middle East respiratory syndrome: 2 years later

Al‐Tawfiq

Memish

2015

Expert Review of Respiratory Medicine

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Section: An Update On Mersmentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: An Update On Mersmentioning

confidence: 99%

An update on Middle East respiratory syndrome: 2 years later

Al‐Tawfiq

Memish

2015

Expert Review of Respiratory Medicine

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

“…1 High amounts of infectious virus were isolated from nasal discharge despite development of only mild clinical disease, 1 which may result in MERS-CoV infections in camels being overlooked, leading to undetected viral transmission among camels and between camels and humans.…”

Section: Human Mers-cov Infectionsmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Most infected camels are asymptomatic; however, some camels develop rhinorrhea and an increase in body temperature. 1,10,16,43 Experimental inoculation of young adult dromedary camels with MERSCoV has been shown to cause mild disease consisting of degeneration and necrosis of the respiratory epithelium in the upper and lower respiratory tract in the absence of pneumonia.…”

Section: Human Mers-cov Infectionsmentioning

confidence: 99%

A Comparative Review of Animal Models of Middle East Respiratory Syndrome Coronavirus Infection

2016

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Middle East respiratory syndrome coronavirus (MERS-CoV) was initially isolated from a Saudi Arabian man with fatal pneumonia. Since the original case in 2012, MERS-CoV infections have been reported in >1500 humans, and the case fatality rate is currently 35%. This lineage C betacoronavirus has been reported to cause a wide range of disease severity in humans, ranging from asymptomatic to progressive fatal pneumonia that may be accompanied by renal or multiorgan failure. Although the clinical presentation of human MERS-CoV infection has been documented, many facets of this emerging disease are still unknown and could be studied with animal models. Several animal models of MERS-CoV have been developed, including New Zealand white rabbits, transduced or transgenic mice that express human dipeptidyl peptidase 4, rhesus macaques, and common marmosets. This review provides an overview of the current state of knowledge on human MERS-CoV infections, the probable origin of MERS-CoV, and the available animal models of MERS-CoV infection. Evaluation of the benefits and limitations of these models will aid in appropriate model selection for studying viral pathogenesis and transmission, as well as for testing vaccines and antivirals against MERS-CoV.Keywords animal models, common marmosets, dipeptidyl peptidase 4, mice, Middle East respiratory syndrome coronavirus, pathogenicity, rabbits, respiratory system, review, rhesus macaques, transgenic Middle East respiratory syndrome coronavirus (MERS-CoV) was first isolated from a man in Saudi Arabia in 2012, and MERS-CoV infections have now been reported in >20 countries. 76,79 Originally called human coronavirus-EMC/2012, the virus was renamed MERS-CoV by the International Committee on Taxonomy of Viruses. 20,67 In humans, MERS-CoV is 1 of 6 coronaviruses that cause respiratory disease; however, it is currently the only known pathogenic human lineage C betacoronavirus. 31,68 MERS-CoV infections in humans range from asymptomatic to progressive fatal pneumonia with occasional renal or multiorgan failure. 44,52 To date, published autopsy data from fatal human cases are not available, and the exact route of viral transmission to and among humans is unknown. Additionally, there are currently no approved MERS-CoV-specific countermeasures. Thus, development of animal models to study the pathology and pathogenesis of MERS-CoV, the routes of viral transmission, and the efficacy of treatments and vaccines is critical. Here, we review the current state of knowledge on MERS-CoV infections in humans and potential animal reservoirs for the virus and provide an overview and analysis of animal models of MERS-CoV infection.

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“…In addition, an experimental infection into dromedary camels resulted in successful infection with mild respiratory symptoms (9). These observations suggest that epidemiological surveillance of dromedary camels for MERS-CoV is rather important to understand the biorisk of MERS-CoV infection from dromedaries inside the country.…”

Section: Communicated By Masayuki Saijomentioning

confidence: 90%

Middle East Respiratory Syndrome Coronavirus Infection Not Found in Camels in Japan

et al. 2015

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Replication and Shedding of MERS-CoV in Upper Respiratory Tract of Inoculated Dromedary Camels

Abstract: Camels infected with MERS-CoV show few symptoms and likely transmit the virus to humans and other camels through respiratory secretions.

Cited by 246 publications

References 29 publications

An update on Middle East respiratory syndrome: 2 years later

An update on Middle East respiratory syndrome: 2 years later

A Comparative Review of Animal Models of Middle East Respiratory Syndrome Coronavirus Infection

Middle East Respiratory Syndrome Coronavirus Infection Not Found in Camels in Japan

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