Replication and generalization in applied neuroimaging

Lerma-Usabiaga, Garikoitz; Mukherjee, Pratik; Ren, Zhimei; Perry, Mike; Wandell, Brian A.

doi:10.1016/j.neuroimage.2019.116048

Cited by 24 publications

(23 citation statements)

References 63 publications

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“…Figure S3). dMRI data analysis: dMRI data were preprocessed using a combination of tools from MRtrix3 65 , ANTs, and FSL, as in 66,67 . We denoised the data using: (i) a principal component analysis, (ii) Rician based denoising, and (iii) Gibbs ringing corrections 68 .…”

Section: Estimating Prfsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Differential spatial computations in ventral and lateral face-selective regions are scaffolded by structural connections

Finzi

Gomez

Nordt

et al. 2020

Preprint

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AbstractFace-processing occurs across ventral and lateral visual streams, which are involved in static and dynamic face perception, respectively. However, the nature of spatial computations across streams is unknown. Using functional MRI and novel population receptive field (pRF) mapping, we measured pRFs in face-selective regions. Results reveal that spatial computations by pRFs in ventral face-selective regions are concentrated around the center of gaze (fovea), but spatial computations in lateral face-selective regions extend peripherally. Diffusion MRI reveals that these differences are mirrored by a preponderance of white matter connections between ventral face-selective regions and foveal early visual cortex (EVC), while connections with lateral regions are distributed more uniformly across EVC eccentricities. These findings suggest a rethinking of spatial computations in face-selective regions showing that they vary across ventral and lateral streams, and further propose that spatial processing in high-level regions is scaffolded by the fine-grain pattern of white matter connections from EVC.

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Section: Estimating Prfsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Differential spatial computations in ventral and lateral face-selective regions are scaffolded by structural connections

Finzi

Gomez

Nordt

et al. 2020

Preprint

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

show abstract

“…To translate newly discovered scientific results to clinical settings, replication and generalization are essential ( 24 ). Therefore, neuroimaging findings must be reproducible in an independent dataset, preferably one acquired under different real-world conditions—such as scanner manufacturer, diffusion acquisition sequence, and diffusion MRI acquisition parameters—to demonstrate robustness to this variation that occurs across imaging centers.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

The evolution of white matter microstructural changes after mild traumatic brain injury: A longitudinal DTI and NODDI study

Palacios¹,

et al. 2020

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Neuroimaging biomarkers that can detect white matter (WM) pathology after mild traumatic brain injury (mTBI) and predict long-term outcome are needed to improve care and develop therapies. We used diffusion tensor imaging (DTI) and neurite orientation dispersion and density imaging (NODDI) to investigate WM microstructure cross-sectionally and longitudinally after mTBI and correlate these with neuropsychological performance. Cross-sectionally, early decreases of fractional anisotropy and increases of mean diffusivity corresponded to WM regions with elevated free water fraction on NODDI. This elevated free water was more extensive in the patient subgroup reporting more early postconcussive symptoms. The longer-term longitudinal WM changes consisted of declining neurite density on NODDI, suggesting axonal degeneration from diffuse axonal injury for which NODDI is more sensitive than DTI. Therefore, NODDI is a more sensitive and specific biomarker than DTI for WM microstructural changes due to mTBI that merits further study for mTBI diagnosis, prognosis, and treatment monitoring.

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“…There may be various ways to quantify bilateral symmetry of the brain, but one approach is to do so for the microstructure of white matter tracts in terms of correlation between the metrics of magnetic resonance (MR) diffusion imaging. As is known, correlations of diffusion metrics between homologous pairs of tracts are generally high in healthy individuals ( 1 – 3 ). This verification supports an assertion that bilateral asymmetry reflects disruption of a normal state when found in patients with injuries or illnesses and that determining the extent of this disruption is useful in characterizing the pathology ( 2 , 4 , 5 ).…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Concussion Disrupts Normal Brain White Matter Microstructural Symmetry

et al. 2020

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Injuries and illnesses can alter the normal bilateral symmetry of the brain, and determining the extent of this disruption may be useful in characterizing the pathology. One way of quantifying brain symmetry is in terms of bilateral correlation of diffusion tensor metrics between homologous white matter tracts. With this approach, we hypothesized that the brains of patients with a concussion are more asymmetrical than those of healthy individuals without a history of a concussion. We scanned the brains of 35 normal individuals and 15 emergency department patients with a recent concussion. Fractional anisotropy (FA), mean diffusivity (MD), axial diffusivity (AD), and radial diffusivity (RD) were determined for regions of interest (ROI) defined by a standard white-matter atlas that included 21 bilateral ROIs. For each ROI pair, bilateral correlation coefficients were calculated and compared between the two subject groups. A symmetry index, defined as the ratio between the difference and the sum of bilateral measures, was also calculated for each ROI pair and compared between the groups. We found that in normal subjects, the extent of symmetry varied among regions and individuals, and at least subtle forms of structural lateralization were common across regions. In patients, higher asymmetry was found overall as well as in the corticospinal tract specifically. Results indicate that a concussion can manifest in brain asymmetry that deviates from a normal state. The clinical utility of characterizing post-concussion pathology as abnormal brain asymmetry merits further exploration.

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Replication and generalization in applied neuroimaging

Cited by 24 publications

References 63 publications

Differential spatial computations in ventral and lateral face-selective regions are scaffolded by structural connections

Differential spatial computations in ventral and lateral face-selective regions are scaffolded by structural connections

The evolution of white matter microstructural changes after mild traumatic brain injury: A longitudinal DTI and NODDI study

Concussion Disrupts Normal Brain White Matter Microstructural Symmetry

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