Replication and cytopathogenicity of avian infectious bronchitis virus in chicken embryo kidney cells

Coronaviruses: A Comparative Review

“…Nature of the nucleic acid In all instances where they have been so studied the growth of coronaviruses has been shown to be insensitive to the action of inhibitors of DNA metabolism (BOHL and KUMAGAI, 1965;HARADA et aI., 1968;MCCLURKIN and NORMAN, 1967;PENSAERT, 1970;SHEFFY, 1965;WITTE et aI., 1968;CALETTI et aI., 1968;GREIG and GIRARD, 1969;ESTOLA, 1966;TEVETHIA and CUNNINGHAM, 1968;MALLUCCI, 1965;HAMRE and PROCKNOW, 1966;KAPIKIAN et aI., 1969;McINTOSH et aI., 1967b;BRADBURNE, 1969). The inhibitors which have been tested have been principally 5'-iododeoxyuridine and 5'-bromodeoxyuridine, but cytosine arabinoside (PARKER et aI., 1970), 5'-fluorodeoxyuridine (ESTOLA, 1966;MALLUCCI, 1965) and aminopterin (AKERS and CUNNINGHAM, 1968) have also been used. These inhibitors do not affect either the induction of cytopathic effect (CPE) or the production of new viruses.…”

“…Some insight into the intracellular development of coronaviruses can be gained from observations of single cycle growth curves. Unfortunately, although many experiments have been described, the multiplicity of infection (MOl) in most studies has been either very low (CARTWRIGHT et ai., 1965;STEPANEK et ai., 1971;HARADA et ai., 1968;HIRAI and SHIMAKURA, 1971) or undefined (MCCLURKIN and NORMAN, 1966;SHEFFY, 1965;WITTE and EASTER-DAY, 1967;VON BULOW, 1966;ESTOLA, 1966;AKERS and CUNNINGHAM, 1968;KAWAMURA et aI., 1961;BRAD BURNE and TYRRELL, 1971). One report (WITTE et al, 1968) described the events following the infection of fetal pig thyroid cell monolayers with the Purdue strain of TGEV, highly tissue culture adapted and at a MOl of about 70.…”

Pathogenicity of four serotypes of avian infectious bronchitis virus for the oviduct of chickens

“…However, many agents produce this type of injury so that it must be regarded as relatively nonspecific. There are several reports in the literature regarding the effects of infectious bronchitis virus on tissue culture (Wright and Sagik, 1958;Cunningham and Spring, 1965;Akers and Cunningham, 1968). Beaudette's chicken embryo adapted cultures of infec tious bronchitis virus have been used in most studies.…”

“…In general the cytopathogenic effect produced by Infectious bronchitis virus has been described as degenerative and necrotic in nature. The production of syncytia has also been noted as a special criterion of cellular response to infectious bronchitis not seen in the other "coronaviruses" (Akers and Cunningham, 1968). It is unfortunate that Mass serotype vaccines are potentially the most dangerous serotype for the oviduct in young chickens, since they are also the most immunogenic (Hofstad, 1961;Winterfield, 1968).…”

Pathogenicity of four serotypes of avian infectious bronchitis virus for the oviduct of chickens

“…In general the cytopathogenic effect produced by Infectious bronchitis virus has been described as degenerative and necrotic in nature. The production of syncytia has also been noted as a special criterion of cellular response to infectious bronchitis not seen in the other "coronaviruses" (Akers and Cunningham, 1968).…”